Database Construction and Data Mining for Uncovering the Mechanism of Human Injury in Seismic Damage Buildings

揭示震害建筑人体伤害机制的数据库建设与数据挖掘

• 批准号: 14404008
• 负责人: OKADA Shigeyuki
• 金额: $ 5.31万
• 依托单位: Hokkaido University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2002 至 2004
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14404008/
• 关键词: Human casualty; Building damage pattern; Disaster medicine; Simulation; Hyogoken-Nanbu earthauake; Bam, Iran, earthquake; Geographical Information System; Detabase; イベントツリー解析

(1)Research backgroundTo uncover the mechanism of human injury in buildings damaged by devastating earthquakes is indispensable to the fundamental resolution for prevention of the occurrence of deceased. However, conventional studies formulate the death toll estimation directly from the number of building collapses. Such ridiculous situation would be caused by the fact that there has been no contact in the research field between building structural engineers and disaster medical researchers, and they have been advancing the research under the independent organization each other.(2)Objectives of the projectIn order to interdisciplinary discuss the latest results of the research of the earthquake engineering and the disaster medicine. By the application of regression analysis and some statistical work to the database the study secondly tries to propose the death toll estimation model that runs to concrete measures for the human damage reduction. In this project treats the 2004 Barn Earth … More quake in Iran as an earthquake with masonry structure collapse, the 1999 Kocaeri Earthquake in Turkey as an earthquake with RC structure collapse, and the 1995 Kobe Earthquake in Japan as an earthquake with wooden structure collapse.(3)Implementation of the projectKickoff meeting :To discuss the research plan for 3 years with the researchers in the engineering field and the medical field at the first stage, an interdisciplinary symposium for research exchange was executed by the Japan-U.S.cooperation at the Center for Health Science, the University of Texas. The symposium was held by opening to the public, and the state of the symposium was simultaneously dlelivered to the world through the Internet Web.Construction of database :Based on the discussion in the symposium, the definition of building damage was redefined from the viewpoint of death occurrence in seismic damage building for the purpose of database construction for clarifying the death occurrence mechanism. The new definition was visualized as a pattern chart of building damage. Following the definition, we rebuilt the database from the information about dead and damage to building in the Kocaeri Earthquake and the Kobe Earthquake. In addiiton, we consolidated the database by adding the concerning data which various research organizations had collected.Modeling death toll estimation and its application :We elucidated the death causalities by means of event tree analysis for the Kobe Earthquake's database. On the basis of the result, a causal model following the process to death was proposed. That is to say, the death toll estimation model was constructed in multivariate regression model, in which the structural damage pattern of building can be specified as the result for given earthquake ground motion severities at the first step, the volumetric loss of building can be counted by the spatial damage index at the second step, and then the survival rate of inhabitants entrapped in collapsed building can be calculated at the final step. This model is not only accurate in comparison with the conventional simple models, that the collapse of building regulates the number of killed people, but also applicable to various type of buildings in foreign countries by introducing the index of volumetric loss. In addition, this model can help the decision-making for the optimal triage for search and rescue (SAR) activities as a post countermeasure ; because the survival potential of trapped people in collapsed building is affected strongly by the collapsed pattern of building, and the model can provide the information about the collapsed pattern. Less

(一)研究背景揭示破坏性地震受损建筑物的人员伤害机制是从根本上解决人员伤亡事故的发生所不可缺少的。然而，传统研究直接根据建筑物倒塌的数量来估算死亡人数。造成这种荒唐现象的原因是建筑结构工程师与灾害医学研究者在研究领域一直没有联系，一直在各自独立的组织下推进研究。 (2)项目目的为了跨学科地讨论地震工程与灾害医学研究的最新成果。其次，通过对数据库进行回归分析和一些统计工作，本研究试图提出死亡人数估计模型，该模型可用于减少人员损失的具体措施。本项目将2004年伊朗谷仓地震视为砖石结构倒塌地震，将1999年土耳其科贾里地震视为RC结构倒塌地震，将1995年日本神户地震视为木结构倒塌地震。(3)项目实施启动会议：首先与工程领域和医学领域的研究人员讨论3年的研究计划 第一阶段，日美合作在德克萨斯大学健康科学中心举办了跨学科研究交流研讨会。本次研讨会以向公众开放的方式举行，会议情况通过互联网同步向全世界发布。 数据库建设：在研讨会讨论的基础上，从震害建筑死亡发生的角度重新定义了建筑损害的定义，为明确死亡发生机制进行数据库建设。新的定义被可视化为建筑损坏的模式图。根据定义，我们根据科贾里地震和神户地震中的死亡和建筑物受损信息重建了数据库。此外，我们还通过添加各个研究机构收集的相关数据来整合数据库。死亡人数估算模型及其应用：我们通过神户地震数据库的事件树分析来阐明死亡原因。根据结果​​，提出了一个遵循死亡过程的因果模型。也就是说，死亡人数估算模型是采用多元回归模型构建的，第一步可以指定给定地震烈度下建筑物的结构损坏模式，第二步可以通过空间损坏指数计算建筑物的体积损失，最后可以计算倒塌建筑物中被困居民的生存率。该模型不仅与传统的简单模型相比，建筑物倒塌调节死亡人数更为准确，而且通过引入体积损失指标，适用于国外各种类型的建筑物。此外，该模型可以帮助决策者对搜救（SAR）活动进行最佳分流，作为事后对策；因为倒塌建筑物中被困人员的生存潜力受建筑物倒塌形态的影响很大，而该模型可以提供倒塌形态的信息。较少的

项目成果

A Trial for the Evaluation of Disaster and Disaster Management

灾害与灾害管理评估试验

• 发表时间: 2003
• 期刊: 2003 Japan-Texas Disaster Symposium, Interdisciplinary Research in Disaster (The University of Texas, USA)
• 作者: Watoh Y.

地震時における木造建物内部空間損失と死傷危険度の関係

木结构建筑内部空间损失与地震伤亡风险的关系

• 发表时间: 2003
• 期刊: 日本建築学会大会梗概集 B-2
• 作者: 田畑;岡田;高井
• 通讯作者: 高井

Damage Pattern Classification to Stone Masonry, Wood-Frame, and Concrete-Frame Structure Buildings for Earthquake Field Investigation

地震现场勘察中石砌、木框架、混凝土框架结构房屋震害类型分类

• 发表时间: 2002
• 期刊: Proc.of China-Japan Comparative Study on Earthquake Damage Survey and Related Research Fields
• 作者: Okada;Takai
• 通讯作者: Takai

Survival and cost analysis of fatalities of the Kobe earthquake in Japan.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.prehos.2003.12.019
• 发表时间: 2004-04-01
• 期刊: Prehospital emergency care : official journal of the National Association of EMS Physicians and the National Association of State EMS Directors
• 作者: Aoki, Noriaki;Nishimura, Akiyoshi;Fukui, Tsuguya
• 通讯作者: Fukui, Tsuguya

Proposal of Damage Index Function for Buildings

建筑物损坏指数函数的提出

• 发表时间: 2003
• 期刊: Proc.AIJ Hokkaido Chapter Architectural Research Meeting 76
• 作者: Okada S;N.Takai
• 通讯作者: N.Takai