Research for Formation of Fullerene in Shungite Produced in Karelia Area

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This research covers the analysis of rock samples produced near the Onega Lake in Karelia area, northwestern part of Russia. The rocks are collectively called as Shungite after the main deposit Shunga and belong to Karelian Super Group. They are black-colored and dense, containing carbon component as much as 98wt% in maximum. We have already identified existence of fullerene C_<60> molecule in the Type I Shungite, which contains 75-98wt% carbon.In 2004, we further examined the Types II-V Shungites (10-75 wt% carbon) produced in Shunga, Zazhogino, and Maksovo deposits (Ludicovian group). The age of basalt produced in Ludicovian group is 1.98 Ga (Precambrian era) by Sm-Nd analysis. The analyses have revealed that these low-carbon containing rocks are supposed to origin from sedimentary rocks abundant in siliconaceous with organic residues in early stage of their formation.