RESEARCH ON PREDICTION OF PERIODONTAL DISEASE IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS

牙周炎的发病机制被普遍认为是由特定的细菌引起的，然而，特定的牙周细菌在儿童和青少年中的发生率仍不清楚。采用聚合酶链式反应方法对119名牙周健康儿童(2~15岁)的菌斑和唾液标本进行了10种可疑牙周病原菌的纵向检测。在唾液中经常发现胞噬杆菌、胞噬杆菌和伴生放线杆菌，并倾向于在接下来的研究中在唾液中检测到，而牙龈卟啉单胞菌、齿密螺旋体和中间普雷沃特氏菌很少检测到。斑块中检出黑色普雷沃特氏菌的比例较高，且随年龄增长而增加。有时从菌斑和唾液中都能检测到直肠弯曲杆菌和艾肯氏杆菌的腐蚀性，而唾液中偶尔会检测到福赛氏杆菌。结果表明，放线菌伴生菌、白色念珠菌、芽孢杆菌、黑色假单胞菌、直链球菌和腐蚀性假单胞菌是健康儿童口腔微生物区系的常见成员，而牙龈假单胞菌、中间假单胞菌和齿假单胞菌似乎是暂时性微生物。

The pathogenesis of periodontitis is generally accepted to be initiated by specific bacteria, however, the occurrence rate of specific periodontal bacteria in children and adolescents remains unknown. In the present study, 10 putative periodontopathic bacteria were longitudinally examined in plaque and saliva samples from 119 periodontally healthy children (2 - 15 years old) using a polymerase chain reaction method. Capnocytophaga ochracea, Capnocytophaga sputigena, and Acrinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans were frequently found in saliva, and tended to be detected in saliva for the rest of the study, whereas Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Prevotella intermedia were rarely detected. Prevotella nigrescens was more frequently detected in plaque and its prevalence increased with age. Campylobacter rectus and Eikenella corrodens were sometimes detected from both plaque and saliva, while Bacteroides forsythus was less occasionally detected in saliva. Our findings suggest that A. actinomycetemcomitans, C. ochracea, C. sputigena, P. nigrescens, C. rectus, and E. corrodens are common members of the oral microbial flora of healthy children, whereas P. gingivalis, P. intermedia, and T. denticola appear to be transient organisms.