Environmental monitoring in East Asia

森林覆盖了大面积的陆地表面。为了持续和重复地监测这些大面积的森林，最好使用遥感数据和自动分析技术。虽然卫星图像包含有关森林状况的有用数据，但强调在应用遥感技术时，实地工作仍然是必不可少的。国际合作旨在促进植被研究方面的合作，特别侧重于遥感和实地研究。在这项研究中，同步测量了太阳光谱中的光谱反射率，并使用不同平台进行了比较：近地面、空中和卫星。使用便携式光谱仪测量了350和1050 nm之间的地面植被的光谱反射率。树木和草地遥感试验场设在中国和日本。本项目利用Landsat、NOAA和光谱仪的数据，对内蒙古地区的两种植被类型：草和树进行了测量。利用便携式光谱仪、数字摄像机和红外CCD摄像机，从不同距离测量了主要植物物种的反射率（0.1 m、1 m、100 m和300 m）。我们还测量了日本三种不同距离和尺度的树木光谱：1）单个叶子，2）从40 m的距离看到的树的一部分，3）从直升机看到的几种不同的树的混合物，并研究了在按比例放大测量期间影响数据的因素。

Forests cover large areas of the land surface. To consistently and repeatedly monitor forests over these large areas, it is desirable to use remote sensing data and automated analyzing techniques. While satellite imagery contains useful data about forest conditions, it is emphasized that field work remains essential when applying remote sensing techniques.International collaboration has been designed to promote cooperation in vegetation research with a particular focus on the remote sensing and field research.In this research, spectral reflectance in the solar spectrum was measured synchronously and compared using different platforms: near ground, aerial and satellite. Spectral reflectance of ground vegetation was measured between 350 and 1050 nm using a portable spectrometer. Test sites for remote sensing of trees and grass were located in China and in Japan. Data from Landsat, NOAA and a spectrometer were used in this project.We measured two different types of vegetation in Inner-Mongolia: grass and trees. Using a portable spectrometer, a digital video camera, and an infrared CCD camera, reflectance of the major plant species was measured from different distances (0.1 m, 1 m, 100 m, and 300 m).We also measured the spectra of trees in Japan at three different distances and scales: 1) individual leaves, 2) part of a tree seen from a distance of 40 m, 3) mixture of several different trees seen from a helicopter, and investigated what affects the data during the scaling up of the measurements.