Environmental monitoring in East Asia

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Forests cover large areas of the land surface. To consistently and repeatedly monitor forests over these large areas, it is desirable to use remote sensing data and automated analyzing techniques. While satellite imagery contains useful data about forest conditions, it is emphasized that field work remains essential when applying remote sensing techniques.International collaboration has been designed to promote cooperation in vegetation research with a particular focus on the remote sensing and field research.In this research, spectral reflectance in the solar spectrum was measured synchronously and compared using different platforms: near ground, aerial and satellite. Spectral reflectance of ground vegetation was measured between 350 and 1050 nm using a portable spectrometer. Test sites for remote sensing of trees and grass were located in China and in Japan. Data from Landsat, NOAA and a spectrometer were used in this project.We measured two different types of vegetation in Inner-Mongolia: grass and trees. Using a portable spectrometer, a digital video camera, and an infrared CCD camera, reflectance of the major plant species was measured from different distances (0.1 m, 1 m, 100 m, and 300 m).We also measured the spectra of trees in Japan at three different distances and scales: 1) individual leaves, 2) part of a tree seen from a distance of 40 m, 3) mixture of several different trees seen from a helicopter, and investigated what affects the data during the scaling up of the measurements.