Tundra Ecosystem and Feedback to Global Change

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We performed mainly the following subjects in the high Arctic during three years : Carbon cycle and successional process on vegetation occurred in the deglaciated area of Spitzbergen I. Photosynthetic rate of the mosses was near to the detectable limit. The optimal temperature of the photosynthetic rate of the mosses was 15℃, but significant photosynthetic activity was detected even at 3℃. Using the temperature and light-photosynthetic curves, the net primary production of the moss was estimated from the date of PPFD (photosynthetically active photon flux density) and moss temperature in the field. It suggested that the annual primary production in this area was much lower than those reported for maritime Antarctic and low arctic. Comparing with the ecosystem in the Spitzbergen area, we also carried out preliminary study for the change of biological diversity in Arctic Canada influenced by global environmental change.