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Impact on the biological diversity in polar lakes affected by global environmental changes.

受全球环境变化影响的极地湖泊生物多样性的影响。

基本信息

批准号：
14380258
负责人：
KANDA Hiroshi
金额：
$ 8.83万
依托单位：
National Institute of Polar Research, Arctic Environment Research Center
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

To know the influences to the biological features in the polar lakes by the global environmental changes during 2002-2005, water sample, lake bottom vegetation, sediment core samples and environmental data given on the lake research project were investigated.Based on the water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen and so on, lakes located at the adjacent area of Syowa Station, East Antarctica were categorized to four types (Type 1-4). Type 1 : melt water from glacier flows directly into lakes, Type 2 : melt water flows into lakes through stream, Type 3 : melt water from snow beds flows into lakes and Type 4 : lake water originates from sea water. These lake types also correspond with the biological features. Organic component such as total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), hydrocarbon, fatty acids and sterols in aquatic moss vegetation and sediment core from lake bottoms from the Syowa Station area were studied to clarify their features in relation to paleo-environmental change.Aquatic mosses (Bryum, Leptobryum) have been recently known to form a unique structure called "moss pillar", in association with algae including cyanobacteria. We have studied a moss pillar from the lake in Skarvsnes by fatty acid analysis. Neutral lipid fatty acid (NLFA) profiles were largely groped exterior and interior parts and locally associated with different bacterial groups in the lower-interior and lower-exterior parts. Dry weight, carbon, nitrogen and chlorophyll distributions in the moss pillar took heterogeneous pattern, but they were largely centered at apical parts. It is suggested that growth of moss pillar occurred extensively at the apical part. The age was estimated ca.250 years at ca.20 cm below the apical top by the AMS method.

为了解2002-2005年全球环境变化对极地湖泊生物学特征的影响，通过对雪娃站附近湖泊的水样、湖底植被、沉积物岩心和环境资料的调查，分析了雪娃站附近湖泊的水温、盐度、溶解氧等，并对雪娃站附近湖泊的生物学特征进行了分析。东南极洲分为4类（1-4类）。第一类：冰川融水直接流入湖泊，类型2：融水通过溪流流入湖泊，类型3：雪床融水流入湖泊，类型4：湖水来源于海水。这些湖泊类型也与生物特征相对应。通过对昭和站地区水生苔藓植被和湖底沉积物柱样中总有机碳（TOC）、总氮（TN）、烃类、脂肪酸和甾醇等有机组分的研究，阐明了它们与古环境变化的关系。我们研究了苔藓柱从湖在Skarvsnes脂肪酸分析。中性脂质脂肪酸（NLFA）谱主要是摸索外部和内部的部分，并与不同的细菌群在下内部和下外部的局部。苔藓柱中干重、碳、氮和叶绿素的分布呈异质性，但主要集中在顶端。结果表明，苔藓柱的生长主要发生在顶端。年龄估计约。250岁，在约。20厘米以下的顶端AMS方法。