EXTRACTION, SEPARATION OF EXOTIC CARBON CLUSTERS FROM FULLERENE SOOT AND ITS APPLICATION

作为使用碳棒电极的电弧放电的产物的烟灰含有各种碳簇材料，所述碳簇材料可通过有机溶剂提取，并且由于这些碳簇材料与剩余的富勒烯烟灰之间的强相互作用而不可提取。可萃取碳团簇是相对稳定的。因此，在不可萃取的物质中存在具有有趣性质的碳团簇备受关注。本项目研究了获得含有大量外来碳团簇的烟灰的合成条件，富勒烯-氧化物二聚体或小富勒烯的合成和分离，碳纳米管的高产率合成和纯化，我们发现碳团簇的产率与电弧放电室中的压力等合成条件密切相关，大气气体或磁场。在富勒烯-氧化物二聚体的合成研究中，我们成功地建立了富勒烯氧化物的合成工艺、二聚工艺以及纯化和分离工艺。我们还尝试了合成类似C_的小富勒烯<36>，从烟灰中萃取分离，以及对室中形状条件的依赖性。在碳纳米管的制备和纯化研究中，我们研究了电弧等离子体状态的控制，以提高碳纳米管的产率和控制碳纳米管的尺寸。结果表明，生长速率依赖于电弧等离子体中碳自由基的密度，并且可以通过施加磁场来控制。

The soot as products of arc-discharge using carbon rod electrodes contain the various carbon cluster materials extractable by organic solvents and unextractable due to strong interaction between these and remaining fullerene soot. The extractable carbon clusters are relatively stable. Therefore, it is concerned that the carbon clusters having interesting properties exist in the unextractable materials.In this project, we had researched the synthesis conditions to obtain the soot containing large amount of exotic carbon clusters, the synthesis and the separation of the fullerene-oxide dimer or the small fullerenes, and the high-yield synthesis and the purification of the carbon nanotubes.We found that the yield of carbon clusters was deeply related to the synthesis conditions such as pressure in the arc-discharge chamber, atmospheric gas, or magnetic field. In the study for synthesis of the fullerene-oxide dimer, we succeeded to establish the synthesis process of fullerene oxides, the dimerization process, and the purification and separation process. We also have made an attempt to synthesize small fullerene like a C_<36>, to extract and separate from the soot, and the dependence of the shape conditions in the chambers. In the study of the synthesis and the purification of carbon nanotubes, we studied the control of the state of arc-plasma in order to improve the yield of carbon nanotubes and to control the size of them. As a result, we found that the growth rate was depended on the density of carbon radical in arc plasma and it can be controlled by application of magnetic field.