EXTRACTION, SEPARATION OF EXOTIC CARBON CLUSTERS FROM FULLERENE SOOT AND ITS APPLICATION

碳棒电极电弧放电产生的烟尘含有各种碳簇材料，这些材料可通过有机溶剂提取，但由于它们与剩余的富勒烯烟尘之间的强烈相互作用而无法提取。可提取的碳团簇相对稳定。因此，人们关注不可提取材料中是否存在具有有趣性质的碳团簇。在本项目中，我们研究了获得含有大量外来碳簇的煤烟的合成条件，氧化富勒烯二聚体或小富勒烯的合成和分离，以及碳纳米管的高产率合成和纯化。研究发现，碳团簇的产率与电弧放电室压力、大气气体或磁场等合成条件密切相关。在氧化富勒烯二聚体的合成研究中，我们成功地建立了氧化富勒烯的合成工艺、二聚化工艺和纯化分离工艺。我们还尝试合成了C_<36>的小富勒烯，对烟尘进行了提取和分离，以及对腔室形状条件的依赖性。在碳纳米管的合成和纯化研究中，我们研究了电弧等离子体状态的控制，以提高碳纳米管的收率和控制碳纳米管的尺寸。结果表明，电弧等离子体的生长速率取决于等离子体中碳自由基的密度，并且可以通过施加磁场来控制。

The soot as products of arc-discharge using carbon rod electrodes contain the various carbon cluster materials extractable by organic solvents and unextractable due to strong interaction between these and remaining fullerene soot. The extractable carbon clusters are relatively stable. Therefore, it is concerned that the carbon clusters having interesting properties exist in the unextractable materials.In this project, we had researched the synthesis conditions to obtain the soot containing large amount of exotic carbon clusters, the synthesis and the separation of the fullerene-oxide dimer or the small fullerenes, and the high-yield synthesis and the purification of the carbon nanotubes.We found that the yield of carbon clusters was deeply related to the synthesis conditions such as pressure in the arc-discharge chamber, atmospheric gas, or magnetic field. In the study for synthesis of the fullerene-oxide dimer, we succeeded to establish the synthesis process of fullerene oxides, the dimerization process, and the purification and separation process. We also have made an attempt to synthesize small fullerene like a C_<36>, to extract and separate from the soot, and the dependence of the shape conditions in the chambers. In the study of the synthesis and the purification of carbon nanotubes, we studied the control of the state of arc-plasma in order to improve the yield of carbon nanotubes and to control the size of them. As a result, we found that the growth rate was depended on the density of carbon radical in arc plasma and it can be controlled by application of magnetic field.