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NOVEL SOLAR ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEM USING WATER AND SULFUR

使用水和硫的新型太阳能转换系统

基本信息

批准号：
14103016
负责人：
TOHJI Kazuyuki
金额：
$ 69.31万
依托单位：
TOHOKU UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This year, we concentrated our research on the following topics aiming the accomplishment of solar energy conversion system (SECS)1.Development of highly efficient photocatalyst-This year, we succeeded in scaling up the photocatalyst synthesis process (developed last year) to obtain necessary quantity of CdS particles for efficient SECS. As a consequence, this year' s research was focused on the development of a photocatalytic cell that utilizes hydrogen sulfide (H_2S) dissolved in alkaline solution as raw material and separate the hydrogen evolved effectively.2.Removal of by-products evolved during reaction-When H_2S is photosplit, besides hydrogen, sulfur clusters (SC), which hinders the reaction is also produced as a by-product. Thus, a physical separation process based on electron transfer characteristics was developed to recover SC without degrading the reactants in the system. In this process, fullerene (C_<60>), which stably disperses in highly alkaline conditions, was used as a … More n electron donor. When fullerene was introduced into the yellow colored suspension dispersing SC, the suspension turned colorless instantaneously. Furthermore, sulfur (S) recovered by heat-treating sulfur-contained fullerene was used for the preparation of the raw material to produce H_2S.3.Reproduction of hydrogen sulfide from recovered sulfurThough circulation of sulfur was attempted by treating the same with water under hydrothermal conditions until last year, reproduction of H_2S using sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) was attempted this year. As a result, we succeeded in the production of biogas containing 15 % of H_2S, which is equivalent to methane fermentation.4.Enrichment of hydrogen sulfideSince the H_2S produced by treating sulfur with SRB is associated with large quantities of methane and carbon dioxide, solid and liquid absorbents based enrichment technology was developed to obtain nearly 100 % H_2S.Solar energy conversion system was accomplished by carrying out the above researches. Less

今年，我们集中研究了以下课题，旨在实现太阳能转换系统(SECS)1.高效光催化剂的开发-今年，我们成功地扩大了(去年开发的)光催化剂合成工艺的规模，以获得高效SECS所需的Cd颗粒。因此，S今年的研究集中在开发一种光催化电池，利用溶解在碱性溶液中的硫化氢(H_2S)为原料，有效地分离生成的氢气。2.反应过程中产生的副产物的去除-当H_2S被光解时，除了氢气外，还会产生阻碍反应的硫团簇(SC)。因此，开发了一种基于电子转移特性的物理分离过程，以在不降解体系中反应物的情况下回收Sc。在该过程中，使用在高度碱性条件下稳定分散的富勒烯(C&lt；60)作为…更多的n电子供体。在分散SC的黄色悬浮液中引入富勒烯后，悬浮液瞬间变无色。此外，还利用经热处理的含硫富勒烯回收的硫磺(S)用于制备生产硫化氢的原料。从回收的硫磺中回收硫化氢一直到去年才尝试用水处理硫磺循环，今年尝试了用硫酸盐还原菌再生硫化氢。由于硫酸盐还原菌处理硫磺所产生的硫化氢与大量的甲烷和二氧化碳伴生，因此开发了基于固体和液体吸附剂的浓缩技术，可获得接近100%的氢气。较少