Research on Nano-Characterization for Apatite Growth Surface

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Artificial hydroxyapatite and Bioglass【○!R】 are well known as bioactive materials in a medical field. During an implantation of these materials in a human body, the materials are gradually bonded to a natural bone thorough a bonelike calcium phosphate apatite layer formed by chemical reactions of the bioactive materials in human body fluid around 37℃. However, the chemical reactions occurring on the material surfaces have not been understood, well. In order to obtain some new information on this problem, a direct observation technique has been used. In this study, an in situ atomic force microscope combined with surface potential measurement was used to observe the apatite formation on the Bioglass【○!R】 in simulated body fluid (SBF). From the observation, it can be seen that small islands with 5-10 nm size are formed on the Bioglass【○!R】 surface in the initial period (within 1 hour). These islands correspond to nuclei of apatite. These nuclei grew very slowly in SBF solution. This means that the growth of nuclei is a limiting process for the formation of the calcium phosphate apatite layer.