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CLONING OF AVIAN CLOCK GENES AND ANALYSIS OF CIRCADIAN CLOCK AND PHOTOTERIODIC TIME MEASUREMENT

鸟类时钟基因的克隆及昼夜节律分析和光敏时间测量

基本信息

批准号：
12460123
负责人：
EBIHARA Shizufumi
金额：
$ 9.09万
依托单位：
Nagoya University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12460123/
关键词：
circadian rhythm Photoperiodic response Clock gene Japanese quail Melatonin Ovary Pineal SCN 光周性

项目摘要

Circadian rhythms, observed in a wide variety of physiological and behavioral parameters, are important for adaptation to natural environment in organisms living on the earth. Recently we have succeeded in cloning avian clock genes (qPer2, qPer3, qClock) which constitute the core of the circadian clock in Japanese quail. In this project, we have analyzed avian circadian clock and photoperiodic time measurement with these clock genes. The results are summarized as follows. (1) Analysis of clock gene expression : Clock genes are expressed in the pineal gland, the retina and many peripheral tissues. In particular, qPer2 and qPer3 show distinct circadian rhythms (Mol Brain Res, 2000). (2) Identification of the avian SCN : The avian SCN, the site of which had not been determined for more than 20 years, was identified with the expression of clock genes (Am J Physiol, 2001). (3) Effects of melatonin on the expression of clock gene in the avian SCN : Because melatonin is involved in the regula … More tion of avian circadian rhythms, effects of melatonin administration on the clock gene expression in the SCN were examined. The results indicate that melatonin does not affect the transcription of clock genes, but rather melatonin seems to affect the coupling among the SCN cells (Europ J Neurosci, 2002), (4) Clock genes and photoperiodic response : To examine how clock genes are involved in photoperiodic time measurement, the expression patterns of clock genes in the pineal, the SCN and the infundibular nucleus of quail under long and short days were examined. The results indicate that the patterns alter in the SCN and the pineal, but not in the infundibular nucleus which is the center for the photoperiodic response. (5) The function of clock genes in the ovary : Clock gene expression was examined in the ovary, and the results suggest that the clock in the ovary regulates the ovulation. (6) Ontogeny of clock genes : Using chicken embryo, ontogeny of clock gene expression was studied. The results indicate that light-dark cycles are required for the expression of clock gene because under constant darkness no expression was observed. (7) Novel gene controlling photoperiodic response : Weisolated a novel gene regulating photoperiodic response in Japanese quail. Less

昼夜节律是生物适应自然环境的重要生理和行为参数。最近，我们成功地克隆了鸟类时钟基因（qPer 2，qPer 3，qClock），这些基因构成了日本鹌鹑昼夜节律钟的核心。本项目利用这些基因对鸟类生物钟和光周期时间的测定进行了研究。结果总结如下。(1)时钟基因表达分析：时钟基因在松果体、视网膜和许多外周组织中表达。特别是，qPer 2和qPer 3显示出不同的昼夜节律（Mol Brain Res，2000）。(2)禽类SCN的鉴定：通过时钟基因的表达鉴定了禽类SCN，其位点超过20年未被确定（Am J Physiol，2001）。(3)褪黑激素对鸡SCN中时钟基因表达的影响：由于褪黑激素参与了对SCN中时钟基因表达的调节， ...更多信息为了观察鸟类昼夜节律的变化，研究了褪黑激素给药对SCN中时钟基因表达的影响。结果表明，褪黑素不影响时钟基因的转录，但褪黑素似乎影响SCN细胞之间的耦合（EuropJ Neurosci，2002），（4）时钟基因和光周期反应：为了研究生物钟基因在光周期时间测量中的作用，研究了松果体中生物钟基因的表达模式，观察了长日和短日下鹌鹑SCN和漏斗核的变化。结果表明，在SCN和松果体中，光周期反应的模式发生了变化，而在漏斗核中，光周期反应的中心不发生变化。(5)卵巢中时钟基因的功能：检测卵巢中时钟基因的表达，结果表明卵巢中的时钟调节排卵。(6)生物钟基因的个体发育：以鸡胚为材料，研究了生物钟基因表达的个体发育。结果表明，时钟基因的表达需要光-暗循环，因为在恒定黑暗下没有观察到表达。(7)控制光周期反应的新基因：我们在日本鹌鹑中分离到一个新的光周期反应基因。少