STUDIES ON GENETIC VATIATION IN RELATIVES OF WHEAT USING MOLECULAR MARKERS

A.同工酶：三种山羊草的同工酶分析均为裸露。在Ae.Bumellulata，发现了酶基因座的地理倾斜区。来自爱琴海群岛的种质与来自土耳其和伊朗的种质在形态上存在差异。AFLP：成功地对普通小麦及其祖先二粒小麦和Ae进行了AFLP分析。陶斯奇。我们清楚地发现了马卡和斯佩尔塔各自的聚集地。而顶盖和顶盖组成一个分支。CpDNA指纹图谱：我们在叶绿体DNA中检测了24个SSR基因座。我们在普通小麦中发现了两个母系，表明普通小麦至少发生过两次独立起源。通过对野生和栽培二粒猴cpDNA的比较，我们认为栽培二粒猴的发源地是土耳其东南部。野生二粒小麦也起源于Ae的杂交。Speltoides和小黑麦(Triticum Urarutu)在该地区的分布。新标记的开发：为了开发可用于小麦及其近缘关系的新型分子标记，我们研究了最近在Ae.猪笼草。我们从小麦属和山羊草属的几个物种中克隆了120多个序列。其中30个通过Nulli-Treat分析定位到普通小麦的染色体上。野生种群调查：2001年，川原、玛丽和安井在叙利亚、土耳其和希腊进行了为期一个月的野外调查。在这次旅行中，在希腊的爱琴海群岛收集了野生近缘小麦的种子。2002年，Mori研究了土耳其东南部野生二粒小麦祖先的分布情况。

a. Isozyme: Analysis of isozymes were nude in three species of Aegilops. In Ae. umbellulata, geographical cline of enzyme loci was found. Morphological differentiation was detected between accessions from Aegean Islands and those from Turkey and Iran.b. AFLP: AFLP analysis was successfully made in common wheat and its ancestors, emmer wheat and Ae. tauschii. We found clearly a cluster of macha and spelta, respectively. While, aestivum and comopactum formed one claster.c. Fingerprinting of cpDNA: We examined 24 SSR loci in chloroplast DNA. We found two maternal lineages in common wheat indicating that common wheat has originated independency at least twice. From the comparison of cpDNA of wild and cultivated Emmer, we concluded that the birthplace of cultivated Emmer is Southeastern Turkey. Wild Emmer also originated through hybridization of Ae. speltoides and Triticum urarutu in this area.d. Development of new markers: In order to develop novel molecular markers available for wheat and its relatives, we studied characteristics of SINE sequence that we recently found in Ae. umbellulata. We cloned more than 120 sequences from several species of Triticum and Aegilops. Of these, 30 were allocated to chromosomes of common wheat by nulli-treat analysis.e. Survey of Wild Populations: Kawahara, Mari and Yasui made prelominary field survey in Syria, Turkey and Greece for one month in 2001. During this trip, seeds of wild relatives of wheat were collected in Aegean islands of Greece. In 2002, Mori examined the distribution of wild ancestors of Emmer wheat in Southeastern Turkey.