STUDIES ON GENETIC VATIATION IN RELATIVES OF WHEAT USING MOLECULAR MARKERS

利用分子标记研究小麦近缘种的遗传变异

• 批准号: 12460143
• 负责人: KAWAHARA Taihachi
• 金额: $ 4.35万
• 依托单位: KYOTO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2002
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12460143/
• 关键词: GENETIC RESOURCES; WHEAT; RELATIVES OF WHEAT; MOLECULAR MARKER; ISOZYME; AFLP; MICROSATTELITES; SINE SEQUENCE

a. Isozyme: Analysis of isozymes were nude in three species of Aegilops. In Ae. umbellulata, geographical cline of enzyme loci was found. Morphological differentiation was detected between accessions from Aegean Islands and those from Turkey and Iran.b. AFLP: AFLP analysis was successfully made in common wheat and its ancestors, emmer wheat and Ae. tauschii. We found clearly a cluster of macha and spelta, respectively. While, aestivum and comopactum formed one claster.c. Fingerprinting of cpDNA: We examined 24 SSR loci in chloroplast DNA. We found two maternal lineages in common wheat indicating that common wheat has originated independency at least twice. From the comparison of cpDNA of wild and cultivated Emmer, we concluded that the birthplace of cultivated Emmer is Southeastern Turkey. Wild Emmer also originated through hybridization of Ae. speltoides and Triticum urarutu in this area.d. Development of new markers: In order to develop novel molecular markers available for wheat and its relatives, we studied characteristics of SINE sequence that we recently found in Ae. umbellulata. We cloned more than 120 sequences from several species of Triticum and Aegilops. Of these, 30 were allocated to chromosomes of common wheat by nulli-treat analysis.e. Survey of Wild Populations: Kawahara, Mari and Yasui made prelominary field survey in Syria, Turkey and Greece for one month in 2001. During this trip, seeds of wild relatives of wheat were collected in Aegean islands of Greece. In 2002, Mori examined the distribution of wild ancestors of Emmer wheat in Southeastern Turkey.

a.同工酶：三种山羊草的同工酶分析均为裸酶。在Ae。a.umbellulata中发现了酶位点的地理变异，来自爱琴海群岛的种质与来自土耳其和伊朗的种质之间存在形态分化。AFLP：对普通小麦及其祖先品种二粒小麦和山羊草进行了AFLP分析。tauschii我们分别清楚地发现了一簇马查和斯佩尔塔。而aestivum和comopactum形成一个类群。叶绿体DNA指纹图谱：我们检测了叶绿体DNA中的24个SSR位点。我们在普通小麦中发现了两个母系谱系，表明普通小麦至少有两次独立起源。通过对野生二粒小麦和栽培二粒小麦cpDNA的比较，我们得出栽培二粒小麦的发源地是土耳其东南部。野生二粒小麦也是通过与山羊草杂交而产生的。speltoides和Triticum urarutu。开发新标记物：为了开发新的可用于小麦及其近缘种的分子标记，本研究对我们最近在Ae.伞形花序。我们从小麦属和山羊草属的几个物种中克隆了120多个序列。其中30条染色体经不处理分析分配到普通小麦染色体上。野生种群调查：2001年，Kawahara、Mari和Yasui在叙利亚、土耳其和希腊进行了为期一个月的初步野外调查。在这次旅行中，在希腊的爱琴海岛屿上收集了小麦野生亲戚的种子。2002年，Mori研究了土耳其东南部二粒小麦野生祖先的分布。

项目成果

MORI Naoki et al.: "Variation in chloroplast microsatellite loci among wild and cultivated species of Emmer wheat"Proceedings of the 4th.International Triticeae Symposium. 73-76 (2001)

MORI Naoki 等：“二粒小麦野生和栽培品种叶绿体微卫星位点的变异”第四届国际小麦科研讨会论文集。

YASUI Yasuo et al.: "The Au family, a novel short interspersed element (SINE) from Aegilops umbellulata"Theoretical and Applied Genetics. 102. 463-470 (2001)

YASUI Yasuo 等人：“Au 家族，一种来自伞形山羊草的新型短散布元件 (SINE)”理论与应用遗传学。

MORI Naoki et al.: "Evaluation of allelic diversity at chloroplast microsatellite loci among common wheat and its ancestral species"Theoretical and Applied Genetics. 103. 896-904 (2001)

MORI Naoki 等人：“普通小麦及其祖先物种叶绿体微卫星位点等位基因多样性的评估”理论与应用遗传学。

KAWAHARA Taihachi: "Morphological and isozyme variation in genebank accessions of Aegilops umbellulata Zhuk., a wild relative of wheat"Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution. 49・1. 89-94 (2002)

川原太八：“小麦野生近缘种山羊草种质的形态和同工酶变异”《遗传资源与作物进化》49·1（2002）。

ISHII T., MORI N. and OGIHARA Y.: "Evaluation of allelic diversity at chloroplast microsatellite loci among common wheat and its ancestral species"Theoretical and Applied Genetics. 103. 896-904 (2001)

ISHII T.、MORI N. 和 OGIHARA Y.：“普通小麦及其祖先物种叶绿体微卫星位点等位基因多样性的评估”理论与应用遗传学。