Study of heat engines based on novel principles exploiting transport phenomena of the acoustic solitary waves

本研究旨在建立一种利用声孤立波（以下简称孤波）输运现象的热机原理。在解析推导质量、动量和能量传递量的同时，结合数值模拟进行了声孤立波的实验，以验证它们的存在。从而得出声孤立波存在的结论。其次，研究了放大孤立波能量通量的物理机制。结果表明，当管壁向传播方向施加正的温度梯度时，能流的确会增加，而薄板的叠置会提高能流的增加率。当管壁受到空间周期性的温度梯度时，它被示出。能量通量在一个周期内净增加。这就完成了建立热机（原动机）的第一步。这种周期性的温度分布在环形管中实现。环管的设计和建造，而堆叠的板进行了测试。在上述研究的同时，研究的是谐振激励的无冲击，高振幅振荡的气体柱在一个管，这是通常用于热声热泵。结果表明，谐振器阵列的连接已经实现了产生的压力振荡的峰值振幅为环境压力的10%。

This study aims at establishing a novel principle of heat engines exploiting transport phenomena of the acoustic solitary waves (called solitary wave simply hereafter). While the quantities of mass, momentum and energy transfer are derived analytically, the experiments of the acoustic solitary waves are performed by combined use of numerical simulations to verify their existence. It is then concluded that the acoustic solitary waves exist in reality. Next physical mechanisms to amplify energy flux carried by the solitary waves are examined. It is revealed that when positive temperature gradient is imposed on the tube wall toward the direction of propagation, the energy flux is indeed be increased, and that a stack of thin plates enhances the rate of its increase. When the tube wall is subjected to spatially periodic temperature gradient, it is shown. that the energy flux is increased in net over one period. This clears the first step of establishing the heat engine (prime mover). Such a periodic temperature distribution is realized in a looped tube. The looped tube has been designed and constructed, while the stack of plates is tested. In parallel to the above study, studied is resonant excitation of shock-free, high-amplitude oscillations of a gas column in a tube, which is usually used for thermoacoustic heat pumps. It is shown that connection of an array of resonators has achieved to generate pressure oscillations with peak amplitude 10% of ambient pressure.