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Mitigation of seismic damage of transportation facility to fault induced distlacemelts

减轻断层位移引起的交通设施地震损坏

基本信息

批准号：
12555134
负责人：
KAWASHIMA Kazuhiko
金额：
$ 8.06万
依托单位：
Tokyo Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12555134/
关键词：
Earthquake Engineering Seismic Design Fault Displacement Fault Model Near-Field Ground Motions Fault Dislocation Bridge Foundations

项目摘要

Since there are a number of faults which could result in a rupture of surface ground, it is very difficult for transportation facilities such as highways and railways not to cross faults at all. This may results in a critical failure of the transportation facilities by the fault activity in the near future. However, due to the difficulty of the problem involved in this countermeasure, few research have been conducted to develop a rational technology for mitigating the damage of transportation facilities to fault displacement. This research was conducted between 1990 and 1992 to develop an appropriate countermeasure of transportation facilities to fault displacements. The following conclusions were deduced from the study.1) Based on an analysis of fault lengths of the past seven earthquakes (Nobi, Kita-Tango, Kita-Izu, Hyougoken nanbu, Izmit and Duzce (Turkey), and Chi Chi (Taiwan)), it was found that a fault is shorter than 3 m in length for the earthquakes with a moment magnitude Mw l … More ess than 7, and that about 70% of the earthquakes with Mw larger than 7.5 have a fault shorter than 3m in length.2) Based on a strong motion record measured at Kasho Dam during the 2000 Totori-ken Seibu earthquake, it was revealed that the dam body settled about several tens centimeters, and the level of reservoir dropped sharply. It was revealed from the numerical analysis for the settlements than the settlements were resulted from a rupture of a hidden fault under this dam.3) Damage of piles in the Bolu Viaduct, which suffered damage by a fault displacement during the 1999 Duzce, Turley earthquake, was analyzed. It is found from an analysis that the critical damage of piles occurred at approximately 3 m above and below the level where a fault crossed the foundation. The damage was destructive that the pile failed in shear and flexure.4) A foundation isolation using expanded poly-sterol (EPS) was proposed, and this was extended to a pile foundation. It was found that by providing a soft layer by EPS around the footing and piles, the plastic deformation of the piles which are subjected to a fault displacement can be mitigated. However an isolation effect cannot be fully activated unless the isolated layer is thick enough to mitigate and isolate the deformation of ground resulted from the fault displacement.5) A damage of a viaduct resulted from a tectonic surface ground movement during a volcanic eruption of Mt. Usu was analysis because of similarity of the tectonic ground movement and a fault displacement. It was found from a pushover analysis which takes account of the lateral confinement effect of concrete that the real damage developed during the tectonic sound movement can be predicted by the pushover analysis with a satisfactory accuracy. Less

由于有许多断层可能导致地表破裂，因此公路和铁路等交通设施很难完全不跨越断层。这可能会在不久的将来导致交通设施因断层活动而发生严重故障。然而，由于这一对策所涉及的问题难度较大，目前很少有人研究开发一种合理的技术来减轻交通设施对断层位移的破坏。这项研究是在1990-1992年间进行的，目的是制定适当的交通设施对断层位移的对策。1)通过对过去7次地震(野比地震、基塔探戈地震、基塔伊豆地震、玄武南部地震、土耳其伊兹米特地震和杜兹切地震以及台湾集集地震)的断层长度的分析，发现震级为Mw的L…级地震的断层长度小于3m2)根据2000年鸟取县西武大地震期间喀什大坝的强震记录，发现坝体下沉了几十厘米左右，水库水位急剧下降。3)分析了1999年Turley Duzce地震中博路高架桥因断层位移引起的桩基破坏情况。分析发现，桩的临界损伤发生在断层穿越地基的水平上方和下方约3m处。4)提出了一种膨胀聚甾醇(EPS)基础隔震方法，并将其推广到桩基中。结果表明，在桩基和桩身周围设置EPS软化层，可以缓解断层位移作用下桩的塑性变形。然而，除非隔离层足够厚，以减轻和隔离断层位移引起的地面变形，否则隔离效果不可能完全激活。5)高架桥在火山喷发期间由于构造地表运动而造成的破坏。由于构造运动和断层位移的相似性，对USU进行了分析。在考虑混凝土侧向约束效应的Pushover分析中发现，Pushover分析可以较好地预测结构声音运动过程中的真实损伤，具有良好的精度。较少