Mitigation of seismic damage of transportation facility to fault induced distlacemelts

减轻断层位移引起的交通设施地震损坏

• 批准号: 12555134
• 负责人: KAWASHIMA Kazuhiko
• 金额: $ 8.06万
• 依托单位: Tokyo Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2002
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12555134/
• 关键词: Earthquake Engineering; Seismic Design; Fault Displacement; Fault Model; Near-Field Ground Motions; Fault Dislocation; Bridge; Foundations

Since there are a number of faults which could result in a rupture of surface ground, it is very difficult for transportation facilities such as highways and railways not to cross faults at all. This may results in a critical failure of the transportation facilities by the fault activity in the near future. However, due to the difficulty of the problem involved in this countermeasure, few research have been conducted to develop a rational technology for mitigating the damage of transportation facilities to fault displacement. This research was conducted between 1990 and 1992 to develop an appropriate countermeasure of transportation facilities to fault displacements. The following conclusions were deduced from the study.1) Based on an analysis of fault lengths of the past seven earthquakes (Nobi, Kita-Tango, Kita-Izu, Hyougoken nanbu, Izmit and Duzce (Turkey), and Chi Chi (Taiwan)), it was found that a fault is shorter than 3 m in length for the earthquakes with a moment magnitude Mw l … More ess than 7, and that about 70% of the earthquakes with Mw larger than 7.5 have a fault shorter than 3m in length.2) Based on a strong motion record measured at Kasho Dam during the 2000 Totori-ken Seibu earthquake, it was revealed that the dam body settled about several tens centimeters, and the level of reservoir dropped sharply. It was revealed from the numerical analysis for the settlements than the settlements were resulted from a rupture of a hidden fault under this dam.3) Damage of piles in the Bolu Viaduct, which suffered damage by a fault displacement during the 1999 Duzce, Turley earthquake, was analyzed. It is found from an analysis that the critical damage of piles occurred at approximately 3 m above and below the level where a fault crossed the foundation. The damage was destructive that the pile failed in shear and flexure.4) A foundation isolation using expanded poly-sterol (EPS) was proposed, and this was extended to a pile foundation. It was found that by providing a soft layer by EPS around the footing and piles, the plastic deformation of the piles which are subjected to a fault displacement can be mitigated. However an isolation effect cannot be fully activated unless the isolated layer is thick enough to mitigate and isolate the deformation of ground resulted from the fault displacement.5) A damage of a viaduct resulted from a tectonic surface ground movement during a volcanic eruption of Mt. Usu was analysis because of similarity of the tectonic ground movement and a fault displacement. It was found from a pushover analysis which takes account of the lateral confinement effect of concrete that the real damage developed during the tectonic sound movement can be predicted by the pushover analysis with a satisfactory accuracy. Less

由于存在许多可能导致地表破裂的断层，因此公路和铁路等交通设施很难完全不穿越断层。这可能会在不久的将来因断层活动而导致交通设施严重故障。然而，由于这一对策所涉及的问题的难度，很少有研究已经进行了开发一个合理的技术，以减轻交通设施的破坏断层位移。这项研究是在1990年和1992年之间进行的，目的是制定交通设施对断层位移的适当对策。通过对过去7次地震（Nobi，Kita-Tango，Kita-Izu，Hyougoken nanbu，伊兹米特和Duzce（土耳其），Chi Chi（台湾））断层长度的分析，发现矩震级为Mw 1的地震断层长度小于3 m ...更多信息 小于7，且Mw大于7.5的地震中约70%的断层长度短于3 m。2）根据2000年Totori-ken Seibu地震期间在Kasho大坝测量的强震记录，发现坝体沉降约数十厘米，水库水位急剧下降。通过数值计算分析，发现该坝下隐伏断层的破裂是引起沉降的主要原因。3）对1999年Duzce，Turley地震中受断层位移破坏的Bolu高架桥桩基进行了破坏分析。分析发现，桩的临界破坏发生在断层穿过地基的水平上、下各约3 m处。提出了膨胀聚苯乙烯（EPS）基础隔震技术，并将其推广到桩基础中。研究发现，通过EPS在桩基础和桩周围提供一个软层，可以减轻受断层位移影响的桩的塑性变形。然而，隔离层的厚度必须足以减缓和隔离断层位移引起的地表变形，才能充分发挥隔离作用。5）某高架桥在火山喷发期间，由于构造地表运动而发生破坏。由于构造地面运动和断层位移的相似性，因此对乌苏进行了分析。通过考虑混凝土侧向约束效应的Pushover分析，发现Pushover分析可以较准确地预测构造声运动过程中产生的真实的损伤。少

项目成果

Kawashima, K. and Shoji, G , Edited by Elnashai, A. S. and Antoniou, S.: "Damage of Bridges in the 1999 Kocaeli, Turkey and Chi-Chi, Taiwan Earthquakes , Implications of Recent Earthquakes on Seismic Risk, Series on Innovation in Structures and Constructi

Kawashima, K. 和 Shoji, G，由 Elnashai, A. S. 和 Antoniou, S. 编辑：“1999 年土耳其科贾埃利地震和台湾 Chi-Chi 地震中的桥梁损坏，近期地震对地震风险的影响，创新系列

Kawashima, K., Shoji G.: "Damage of Transportation Facility in the 1999 Kocaeli and Duzce, Turkey Earthquakes and the 1999 Chi-Chi, Taiwan Earthquake"32th Joint Meeting of US-Japan Panel on Wind and Seismic Effects, UJNR, Gaithersburg, MD, USA, NIST Speci

Kawashima, K., Shoji G.：“1999 年土耳其科贾埃利和迪兹杰地震以及 1999 年台湾集集地震中交通设施的损坏”第 32 届美日风和地震影响专家组联席会议，UJNR，盖瑟斯堡

永澤洋,市川篤司,三木千壽,名取暢,佐々木栄一: "腐食が原因で取替えられた鋼橋の耐荷力およびその評価"土木学会第55回年次学術講演会. (CD-ROM)(Paper No.A304). (2000)

Hiroshi Nagasawa、Atsushi Ichikawa、Chiju Miki、Nobu Natori、Eiichi Sasaki：“因腐蚀而更换的钢桥的承载能力和评估”第 55 届日本土木工程学会学术年会（CD-ROM）（论文编号：2017） .A304）（2000）。

Kawashima, K., Shoji, G.: "Damage of Bridges in the 1999 Kocaeli, Turkey and Chi-Chi, Taiwan Earthquakes, Implications of Recent Earthquakes on Seismic Risk"Series on Innovation in Structures and Construction (Edited by Elnashai, A.S.and Antoniou, S.)Impe

Kawashima, K.、Shoji, G.：“1999 年土耳其科贾埃利地震和台湾集集地震中桥梁的损坏，近期地震对地震风险的影响”结构和施工创新系列（Elnashai, A.S. 和编辑）

大町達夫: "1999年台湾集集地震によるダムの被害について"ダム工学. 10-2. 138-150 (2000)

Tatsuo Omachi：“1999 年台湾集集地震造成的损害”10-2 138-150 (2000)。