Studies on Source Control Techniques for Indoor Air Pollution by Gaseous Chemical Substances

室内空气气态化学物质污染源头控制技术研究

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    12555165
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 8.51万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    日本
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
  • 财政年份:
    2000
  • 资助国家:
    日本
  • 起止时间:
    2000 至 2002
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Indoor air pollution from a variety of toxic and hazardous gaseous chemical substances in dwellings have in recent years become increasingly recognized as a serious social problem. This problem can stem from a wide variety of sources, such as building materials, paints, furniture, unvented combustion heaters etc.The studies we reported here were carried out with there goals : 1) to establish an evaluation method for mitigation techniques with an environmental chamber, 2) to determine the emission rates of gaseous chemical substances from building materials, natural resin-oil paints, furnishings, and unvented combustion heaters, 3) to determine the removal effects of mitigation techniques, such as domestic air cleaners, ozone deodorizers and bake-out on gaseous chemical substances levels.The following results and discussions were drawn from the our studies :1. Determination and evaluation by an environmental chamber method.This study investigated the current of measuring method for indo … More or chemical substances by ISO and EPA, to establish the determination and evaluation method used with an environmental chamber for the mitigation appliances and utensils.2. The emission of gaseous chemical substances from building elements.Results showed that the emission rates of natural resin-oil paints and adhesive were lower than those of oil paints and chemical adhesives.Among gaseous chemical substances, the emission rates of formaldehyde, toluene, 1, 2, 4-trimethylbenzene from furnishings were very high.Our results showed that formaldehyde and VOC from building materials were emitted into occupied spaces as well as unoccupied spaces, such as attics, under floors and so on.3. The emission rates of gaseous chemical substances from unvented combustion heaters.The emission rates of total VOC from radiant kerosene heaters were 146 〜 172 ml/kg. Convective kerosene heaters emitted 115 〜 466 ml/kg. Kerosene fan-heaters emitted 280 〜 852 ml/kg.Also, total VOC emissions from heat-resisting paints were very high.4. The removal effects of domestic air cleaners on gaseous chemical substances.Results showed that the ECAR(Equivalent Clean Air Rates) of formaldehyde was 8.10〜19.9 m^3/h and VOCs one was 6.72〜26.0 m^3/h in the case of domestic air cleaners with activated carbon or chemical sorbent filters.5. The removal effects of ozone deodorizer on gaseous chemical substances.This study could not determine the removal effects of ozone catalyst equipment, such as deodorizers and air cleaners on VOC.Moreover, result showed that formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were generated from ozone catalyst reactions.6. Experimental study on effects of bake-out.Results showed that the emission rate of formaldehyde was decreased by 6.5〜56% and total VOC levels was decreased by 7.4〜40% after bake-out at a temperature of 38℃ for a 72-hour period. We have also established an exact prediction method for gaseous chemical substance concentrations indoors after bake-out. This theoretical model was derived with a mass balance model. Less
近年来,住宅中各种有毒有害气体化学物质造成的室内空气污染日益被认为是一个严重的社会问题。这个问题可能源于各种各样的来源,如建筑材料,油漆,家具,无通风燃烧加热器等。我们在这里报告的研究是为了实现以下目标而进行的:1)建立一个环境室评估缓解技术的方法,2)确定建筑材料、天然树脂油漆、家具、和不通风的燃烧加热器,3)确定缓解技术,如家用空气净化器,臭氧消毒器和烘烤对气态化学物质水平的去除效果。采用环境舱法进行测定和评价,研究了环境舱法测定吲哚类化合物的方法 ...更多信息 或化学物质,以建立测定和评价方法与环境室用于缓解装置和灭火器.结果表明,天然树脂-油漆和胶粘剂的释放速率低于油漆和胶粘剂,其中甲醛、甲苯、1,2,4-家具中的三甲苯含量很高。我们的研究结果表明,甲醛和VOC从建筑材料中排放到占用空间,以及未占用的空间,如阁楼,地板下等。不通风燃烧加热器的气态化学物质排放率:煤油辐射加热器的总VOC排放率为146 × 172 ml/kg。对流煤油加热器的排放量为115至466毫升/千克。此外,耐高温涂料的挥发性有机化合物总排放量非常高。4.家用空气净化器对气态化学物质的去除效果研究结果表明,采用活性炭或化学吸附剂过滤的家用空气净化器对甲醛的等效净化空气速率(ECAR)为8.10 <$19.9 m^3/h,对VOCs的ECAR为6.72 <$26.0 m^3/h.臭氧净化器对气态化学物质的去除效果本研究无法确定臭氧催化设备,如臭氧净化器和空气净化器对VOC的去除效果,而且结果表明,甲醛和乙醛是由臭氧催化反应产生的.烘烤效果的实验研究结果表明,经38℃烘烤72 h后,甲醛释放率降低6.5 × 56%,总VOC含量降低7.4 × 40%。建立了烘烤后室内气态化学物质浓度的准确预测方法。该理论模型是用质量平衡模型导出的。少

项目成果

期刊论文数量(192)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
野崎淳夫他: "室内化学物質汚染低減化対策としてのベイクアウトの効果(その3)、室内VOC、ホルムアルデヒド汚染に関する研究(その4)"日本建築学会環境系論文集. 568(掲載予定). (2003)
Atsuo Nozaki 等:“烘烤作为减少室内化学污染措施的有效性(第 3 部分),室内 VOC 和甲醛污染的研究(第 4 部分)”日本建筑学会环境学报第 568 期(即将出版) )(2003)。
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    0
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野崎淳夫他: "実験室実験による建材部材レベルのベイクアウト効果"空気清浄とコンタミネーションコントロール研究大会予稿集. 19. 138-139 (2001)
Atsuo Nozaki 等人:“通过实验室实验在建筑材料水平上的烘烤效应”空气净化和污染控制研究会议记录 19. 138-139 (2001)。
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    0
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野崎淳夫他: "部材レベルの室内化学物質発生に関する研究(1)"日本建築学会大会学術梗概集. D2. 823-824 (2000)
Atsuo Nozaki等人:“成分层面的室内化学物质的生成研究(1)”日本建筑学会会议记录D2 823-824(2000)。
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    0
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Atsuo Nozaki et al.: "Study on the Removal Effects of VOCs in Tatami Mats, Studies on Indoor Air Environments and its Comforts (Part 7)"Proceedings of the 9^<th> Annual Meeting on Hokkaido/Tohoku Chapter of Japan Society for Atmospheric Environment. 60-61
Atsuo Nozaki等:“榻榻米中VOC的去除效果研究,室内空气环境及其舒适度的研究(第7部分)”第9届日本学会北海道/东北分会年会会议记录
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    0
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野崎淳夫 他: "防蟻剤・防虫剤等により発生する化学物質に関する研究"空気調和・衛生工学学会学術講演論文集. II. 513-516 (2000)
Atsuo Nozaki 等:“杀白蚁剂、驱虫剂等产生的化学物质的研究”,空调与卫生工程学会学术会议论文集 II(2000 年)。
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    0
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NOZAKI Atsuo其他文献

NOZAKI Atsuo的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('NOZAKI Atsuo', 18)}}的其他基金

A study on actual situation of the indoor air pollution in school caused by teaching equipment
教学设备造成学校室内空气污染的实际情况研究
  • 批准号:
    20560553
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 8.51万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

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