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Development of a membrane-aerated biofilm reactor applicable to livestock wastewater

适用于畜禽废水的膜曝气生物膜反应器的研制

基本信息

批准号：
12555219
负责人：
TSUNEDA Satoshi
金额：
$ 8.45万
依托单位：
Waseda University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The discharge of livestock wastewater that contains high concentration of nitrogen causes eutrophication, algal blooms and groundwater pollution. We developed a membrane-aerated biofilm reactor (MABR) capable of simultaneous nitrification and denitrificaiton (SND) in a single reactor.1.Analysis of dissolved oxygen (DO) profile in biofilmsDO profile in biofilms of several thicknesses was investigated using an oxygen microelectrode. From this experiment, a large anaerobic zone was observed at the bottom of the thick biofilm. This result clearly indicated the possibility that quite different microenvironment is created in a same biofilm, allowing for SND.2.Feasibility of SND using the MABRFeasibility of SND on the MABR for treatment of domestic wastewater was conducted for 150 days. After 50 day, removal efficiencies of organic carbon and nitrogen were more than 90%, which indicates that SND can be accomplished using the MABR.3.Application of the MABR to livestock wastewaterThe removal characteristics from livestock wastewater were investigated for 1 year. Average removal efficiencies of organic carbon and nitrogen were 96% and 83% at removal rates of 5.76 g-C/(m^2・day) and 4.48 g-N/(m^2・day), respectively. The combination of the in situ detection of specific bacteria and determination of the DO microprofiles made it possible to prove the mechanism of SND and the microbial ecology in the biofilm. Furthermore, nitrogen removal not via nitrate but nitrite was mainly achieved in the MABR system. The MABR takes advantage of the easy control of oxygen mass transfer, and thus it is useful when removing nitrogen from low carbon/nitrogen-ratio wastewater such as livestock.

牲畜废水中高浓度氮的排放导致富营养化、藻华和地下水污染。我们开发了一种能够在单个反应器中同时进行硝化和反硝化（SND）的膜曝气生物膜反应器（MABR）。利用氧微电极研究了不同厚度生物膜中的溶解氧（DO）分布。从本实验中，在厚生物膜的底部观察到一个大的厌氧区。这一结果清楚地表明，在同一生物膜中可能会产生完全不同的微环境，从而导致SND.2的发生。在MABR上进行SND处理生活污水的可行性研究，为期150天。50 d后，MABR.3对有机碳和氮的去除率均在90%以上，表明MABR.3可以实现SND。对MABR在畜禽废水中的去除特性进行了为期1年的研究。有机碳和氮的平均去除率分别为96%和83%，去除率分别为5.76 g-C/（m^2·d）和4.48 g-N/（m^2·d）。特异性细菌的原位检测与DO微谱的测定相结合，使SND的发生机制和生物膜内的微生物生态得以证明。此外，MABR系统主要通过亚硝酸盐而不是硝酸盐来脱氮。MABR利用易于控制的氧传质，因此在去除低碳/氮比废水（如牲畜）中的氮时非常有用。