Application of Self-Humidifying Polymer Electrolyte Membranes for Fuel Cells

自增湿聚合物电解质膜在燃料电池中的应用

基本信息

批准号：
12555243
负责人：
WATANABE Masahiro
金额：
$ 4.16万
依托单位：
Yamanashi University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Recently, we have proposed new self-humidifying polymer electrolyte membranes with highly dispersed nanometer-sized Pt and/or metal oxides for polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) operated with dry H_2 and O_2. The Pt particles were expected to suppress the crossover by the catalytic recombination of H_2 and O_2, while the oxide particles (TiO_2) that have hygroscopic property were expected to adsorb the water produced at Pt particles together with that produced at the cathode reaction and to release the water once the PEM needs water. The PEFCs with these new PEMs demonstrated the superior performances and suppression of the crossover even under externally non-humidified condition, which are comparable to that of the conventional PEM fully humidified. In order to construct a practical PEFC stack, however, a mechanical strength of the PEM is an important property. Japan Gore-Tex developed a reinforced PEM with both a sufficient mechanical strength and high proton conductivity. It is desirable to prepare the self-humidifying PEM from a commercial reinforced PEM.In this research, we examined to develop a practical preparation protocol of such new PEMs and obtained the following results..1. The preparation protocol of TiO_2 nanoparticles in a commercial PEM via in-situ sol-gel reactions was developed, resulting in a transparent membrane with uniform distribution of TiO_2 among the membrane. A water adsorbability increased more than two times by dispersing only 2 wt % TiO_2 in the PEM.2. In order to get a uniform dispersion of Pt nanoparticles in the PEM, platinum-complex -cations were impregnated in the TiO2-PEM by an ion-exchanging reaction, followed by a reduction to Pt nanocrystals (0.1 mg/cm^2) with an aqueous solution containing excess neutral hydrazine. The Pt-dispersion process was optimized.3. The newly prepared Pt-TiO_2-PEM was confirmed to perform a self-humidifying operation in a PEFC with dry H_2 and O_2.

最近，我们提出了具有高度分散的纳米尺寸的PT和/或金属氧化物的新型自动化聚合物电解质膜，用于聚合物电解质燃料电池（PEFC），该膜（PEFC）用干燥的H_2和O_2操作。预计PT颗粒会通过H_2和O_2的催化重组来抑制交叉，而具有吸湿性特性的氧化物颗粒（TIO_2）预计可吸附PT颗粒上产生的水以及在PORDODE反应处产生的水，并在PORDODE反应上产生的水，并释放出一旦PEM需要水，就可以释放出水。具有这些新PEM的PEFC证明了即使在外部未造成的条件下，交叉的表现和抑制也具有与常规PEM完全湿透的情况相媲美的跨界条件。但是，为了构建实用的PEFC堆栈，PEM的机械强度是重要的特性。日本戈尔 - 特克斯（Gore-Tex）开发了一种增强的PEM，既具有足够的机械强度和高质子电导率。希望从商业增强的PEM中准备自动化的PEM。在这项研究中，我们检查了以制定此类PEM的实际准备协议，并获得了以下结果。.1。开发了商用PEM中TIO_2纳米颗粒的制备方案，通过原位溶胶 - 固醇 - 凝胶反应开发了透明的膜，在膜中均匀分布TiO_2。通过在PEM.2中仅分散2 wt％TiO_2，水的吸附性增加了两倍以上。为了使PT纳米颗粒在PEM中均匀分散，铂 - 复合物通过离子交换反应在TiO2-PEM中浸泡在TiO2-PEM中，然后用含有多余的中性置氮的水溶液减少PT纳米晶体（0.1 mg/cm^2）。优化了PT分散过程3。确认新准备的PT-TIO_2-PEM可以在干燥的H_2和O_2的PEFC中执行自动化操作。