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Comparative study on Japanese and Chinese women and their living environments -Comparative study conducted in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in China, and Japan-

日本与中国女性及其生活环境的比较研究 -中国新疆维吾尔自治区与日本的比较研究-

基本信息

批准号：
12572041
负责人：
IWASAKI Masami
金额：
$ 8.96万
依托单位：
Nara Women's University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in China lies just halfway between Europe and Japan. We aimed to conduct investigations on the actual conditions of Uygur women and their lives. Because the population of Uygur people is the largest among the forty-seven minor ethnic groups in the region. In conducting investigations, we were divided into groups according to each one's specialty, such as families, gender, clothing, dietary culture and living environments, and we decided to compare a city and its surrounding area (a rural community), tradition and changes, and South Xinjiang and North Xinjiang. In order to comprehend the situation of the region, we invited the cooperation of researchers in the Center for Research on Women at Xinjiang University as our counterparts.In 2000, we visited Urumchi and Turfan, and investigated the roles of the female staff of educational organizations, differences in the lives among typical ethnic groups, the labor of women who engaged in traditional industries, their tasks at home. In 2001, we visited Kashgar and Hotan, recorded the conditions of deeply religious lives connected with Islamic culture, and conducted a study on them. In 2002, in order to compare lives in South Xinjiang and North Xinjiang, we visited Yining, adjacent to Russia (the former Soviet Union) and investigated mostly farmers' lives. As a result, we witnessed remarkable affluence due to trade with Russia and other regions, and westernized freedom for various aspects, of then-lives, such as their home interiors and preferences for doming, unlike South Xinjiang. As the results of our comparison between the city and its surrounding area, and South Xinjiang and North Xinjiang, it was learned that close family relations common among Uygur people continued, but religious characteristics changed drastically in some regions. There were also problems, such as difficulty in the coexistence of international aspects with ethnical aspects.

中国新疆维吾尔自治区位于欧洲和日本之间。我们的目的是对维吾尔族妇女及其生活的实际情况进行调查。因为维吾尔族人口是全区四十七个少数民族中最多的。在进行调查时，我们根据每个人的特点，如家庭、性别、服装、饮食文化和生活环境，进行分组，并决定比较一个城市及其周边地区（农村社区），传统和变化，以及南疆和北疆。为了了解新疆的情况，我们邀请新疆大学妇女研究中心的研究人员作为同行，于2000年访问了乌鲁木齐和吐鲁番，调查了教育机构的女性工作人员的角色，典型民族生活的差异，从事传统产业的妇女的劳动，她们在家里的任务。2001年，我们访问了喀什和和田，记录了与伊斯兰文化密切相关的宗教生活状况，并对其进行了研究。2002年，为了比较南疆和北疆的生活，我们访问了毗邻俄罗斯（前苏联）的伊宁，调查了主要是农民的生活。因此，我们目睹了由于与俄罗斯和其他地区的贸易而带来的显着富裕，以及当时生活的各个方面的西化自由，例如他们的家庭内部装饰和对圆顶的偏好，不像南疆。通过对乌鲁木齐及其周边地区、南疆和北疆的比较，我们发现，维吾尔族普遍存在的亲密家庭关系仍然存在，但在一些地区，宗教特点发生了很大变化。还有一些问题，如国际方面与民族方面难以共存。