Investigative Studies on Women's lives and their Living Environments in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in China

2003年至2005年，我们走访了乌鲁木齐、喀什、阿图什、哈密、吐鲁番、和田等地，对维吾尔族妇女的实际情况和生存环境进行了调查。在调查过程中，我们主要进行了口头访谈和上门观察，并进行了摄影记录。在进行调查时，我们根据每个人的专长，如家庭、性别、衣着、饮食文化、生活环境等，将他们分成不同的小组。为了了解该地区的情况，我们邀请了中学和新疆大学的老师，博物馆的讲师和维吾尔族的外国留学生合作。我们报告我们的调查的以下内容，我们已经形成了一个观点。1)儿童教育2)斋月等日常生活和宗教生活3)穆斯林服饰的表现4)传统习俗及其在家庭关系和生活中的变化学校教育的主要问题是高中出勤率下降，失学学生增多。特别是在占该地区80%的贫困农户中，父母对孩子的期望不高，因此不让孩子上学。他们抚养孩子的主要代理人是母亲。母亲通过从亲戚，特别是自己的母亲那里得到足够的支持来抚养孩子。维吾尔族保持着性别分工的家务文化。特别是穆斯林保持着强大的父权制度，因此他们对女儿的教育期望比儿子低。

We visited Urumchi, Kashgar, Atush, Hami, Turfan and Hotan, from 2003 to 2005 and aimed to conduct investigations on actual conditions of Uygur women and their living environments. In our investigation, we principally conducted oral interviews and observation in house visits, and made photographic records.In conducting investigations, we were divided into groups according to each one's specialty, such as families, genders, cloth-ing, dietary culture, and living environments. In order to comprehend the situation of the region, we invited the cooperation of teachers of secondary school and Xinjian University, instructors of museums and foreign students of Uygur people.We report about the following contents of our investigation about which we have formed a viewpoint.1)Children's education 2)Ordinary lives and Religious lives like Ramadan 3)Expression of costumes as Muslim 4)Traditional customs and their changes in Family relations and lives.Main problems of school-education are that the high school attendance rate has declined and that students who are not able to go to school have been increased. In particular, among the poor farmers' households that account for 80% of the region, parents do not have higher expectations for their children, thus they prevent their children from going to school.Their main agent of child-rearing is the mother. Mothers raise children by receiving sufficient support from relatives, especially their own mothers.Uygur people maintain the culture of gender division of domestic labor. Particularly Muslims maintain a strong patriarchal system so that their educational expectations for daughters are lower compared to sons.