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Investigative Studies on Women's lives and their Living Environments in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in China

中国新疆维吾尔自治区妇女生活及其生存环境调查研究

基本信息

批准号：
15402001
负责人：
IWASAKI Masami
金额：
$ 7.81万
依托单位：
Nara Women's University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15402001/
关键词：
Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in China Uygur People minority ethnic groups women's lives Kashgar Hami Turfan Hotan グマキリヤクムル南疆

项目摘要

We visited Urumchi, Kashgar, Atush, Hami, Turfan and Hotan, from 2003 to 2005 and aimed to conduct investigations on actual conditions of Uygur women and their living environments. In our investigation, we principally conducted oral interviews and observation in house visits, and made photographic records.In conducting investigations, we were divided into groups according to each one's specialty, such as families, genders, cloth-ing, dietary culture, and living environments. In order to comprehend the situation of the region, we invited the cooperation of teachers of secondary school and Xinjian University, instructors of museums and foreign students of Uygur people.We report about the following contents of our investigation about which we have formed a viewpoint.1)Children's education 2)Ordinary lives and Religious lives like Ramadan 3)Expression of costumes as Muslim 4)Traditional customs and their changes in Family relations and lives.Main problems of school-education are that the high school attendance rate has declined and that students who are not able to go to school have been increased. In particular, among the poor farmers' households that account for 80% of the region, parents do not have higher expectations for their children, thus they prevent their children from going to school.Their main agent of child-rearing is the mother. Mothers raise children by receiving sufficient support from relatives, especially their own mothers.Uygur people maintain the culture of gender division of domestic labor. Particularly Muslims maintain a strong patriarchal system so that their educational expectations for daughters are lower compared to sons.

2003年至2005年，我们先后前往乌鲁木齐、喀什、阿图什、哈密、吐鲁番、和田等地，对维吾尔族妇女的实际状况和生活环境进行调查。调查主要采取口头访谈、入户观察、摄影记录等方式。调查时根据家庭、性别、衣着、饮食文化、生活环境等特点进行分组。为了了解该地区的情况，我们邀请了中学和新疆大学的老师、博物馆的老师和维吾尔族的外国留学生合作。我们将调查的内容报告如下，并形成了我们的观点。1）儿童教育2）斋月等日常生活和宗教生活3）穆斯林服饰的表现4）传统习俗及其在家庭关系和生活中的变化。学校教育是高中入学率下降，无法上学的学生增加。尤其是占全区80%的贫困农户，家长对孩子没有较高的期望，不让孩子上学。他们养育孩子的主要代理人是母亲。母亲抚养孩子需要得到亲戚特别是自己母亲的充分支持。维吾尔族保持着性别分工的家务文化。特别是穆斯林维持着强大的父权制度，因此他们对女儿教育的期望低于儿子。