Russian icons in Japan

在阿拉斯加（锡特卡，朱诺，科迪亚克和埃克卢特纳）的研究中，我们只发现了四幅与运往日本相同的圣像（三幅版画和一幅油画）。这意味着日本和阿拉斯加的图标实际上没有相似之处。我们也可以推测，在俄罗斯东正教内部并没有一个全面的系统来决定将圣像送到俄罗斯以外的国家，圣像的选择取决于照顾他们的保护国的俄罗斯赞助人。但在这次研究中，在锡特卡有了一个意想不到的新发现。在Bishop Innocentis House中，我们发现了山下麟（Rin Yamashita, 1857-1939）的复活图标模型的原始图纸。1891年，当时的皇太子尼古拉（后来的尼古拉二世）访问日本时，赠送给了他。原画的日期是1876年。画家应该是瓦西里·克里科夫。瓦西里·克里科夫是印度裔阿留申人中的第一位偶像和西式画家。他接受了因诺琴蒂的教育，并于1826年在阿留申群岛乌纳拉斯卡新建的教堂里画了圣像。也就是说，在日本，Nicoiai Kasatkin主教培养了rinyamashita，在阿拉斯加，Innocenti Veniaminov主教培养了Vasily Kriukov，成为了圣像画家。虽然之前有一份文件证明瓦西里已经死了。1830年在SPb，当时他还是SPb艺术学院的学生，显然这份文件应该重新审查。无论结果如何，我们现在对日本现代偶像和文化的未来研究有了一个全新的视角。此外，我们还首次对俄罗斯圣像进行了科学和化学分析，并从shirakawa圣像的具体证据中构建了新的环境。此外，我们还从比较文化的角度分析了1876年成立的日本第一所技术艺术学院的教育制度，山下仁在这里学习西方艺术。少

As a result of researches in Alaska(Sitka, Juneau, Kodiak and Eklutna), we have found only four icons(three prints and one oil painting) which are the same as were transported to Japan. It means that there was actually no parallel between icons in Japan and Alaska. We can surmise also that there was no comprehensive system within the Russian Orthodox Church for deciding to send icons to countries outside Russia, and the selection of icons depended on the Russian patrons who took care of their protege countries. But during this research, there was an unexpected new discovery in Sitka. In Bishop Innocentis House we found the original drawing which had served as a model for the Resurrection icon by Rin Yamashita(1857-1939). This icon was donated to the then crown prince Nicolai(future Nicolai the Second) when he visited Japan in 1891. The original drawing is dated 1876. And the painter is presumably Vasily Kriukov. Vasily Kriukov was the first icon and Western-style painter among the indi … More genous Aleut people. He was educated by Innocenti and painted the icons in the newly built church in Unalaska in the Aleutian Islands in 1826. This means Bishop Nicoiai Kasatkin fostered Rin Yamashita as an icon painter in Japan and Bishop Innocenti Veniaminov fostered Vasily Kriukov as an icon painter in Alaska. Although there is a document apparently testifying to the death of Vasily before. 1830 in SPb, when he was a student in SPb Academy of Art, clearly this document should be re-examined. Whatever the result, we have now a radically new perspective for the future study of Japanese modern icons and culture. Furthermore we also conducted for the first time a scientific and chemical analysis of the Russian icons and constructed anew environment from concrete testimonies for the icons in Sirakawa. In addition we also analyzed from a comparative cultural perspective the educational system of the first Japanese Academy of Technology and Art, which was founded in 1876 and where Rin Yamashita studied Western Art. Less