Auditory and vocal functions of the chimpanzee

在这个研究项目中，我发现一只黑猩猩(雌性黑猩猩潘)只能通过他们的声音来识别她所在群体中的其他个体。研究人员在喘息声中发现了个性，但在喘息声和尖叫声中却没有。目前的研究表明，她不仅可以将喘鸣，还可以将喘鸣和尖叫与小组成员的照片进行听觉-视觉跨通道匹配，以完成样本任务。她还能在二重奏中辨认出每个呼叫者。研究了1 kHz以下和1 kHz以上的基频和频率分量对通过声音进行个体识别的重要性。研究发现，基频是识别的重要参数。因此，研究人员低估了黑猩猩通过声音识别发声者的能力。她在同一只黑猩猩身上将不同的声音与不同的面部动作相匹配。研究了一只黑猩猩幼崽的早期声音发育，并与一只人工饲养的黑猩猩幼崽进行了比较。这两个婴儿都表现出相似的发育模式：他们在大约55天大的时候增强了对声音的敏感度。研究了三对黑猩猩母婴之间的发声相互作用。只有在一对(泛帕尔)中观察到了发声相互作用。其他配对没有显示出互动。潘石屹在婴儿期就接受了声乐训练。母亲对婴儿哭声的反应是喘息般的呼噜声。

In this research project, I found a chimpanzee (a female chimpanzee, Pan) can identify other individuals in her group only by their vocal sounds. Researchers found individuality in pant hoots, but not in pant grunts and screams. The present study showed that she can match not only pant hoots, but also pant grunts and screams with a photograph of group members in an auditory-visual intermodal matching to sample task. She can also identify each caller in duets of pant hoots. The importance of the fundamental frequency and frequency components below and above 1 kHz for individual recognition by vocal sounds was examined. It is found that the fundamental frequency is important for identification. Thus, researchers have underestimated the ability of the chimpanzee to identify vocalizers by vocal sounds. She matched different vocal sounds with with different facial actions in the same chimpanzee.Early vocal development of a chimpanzee infant was studied and compared with that of a human-raised chimpanzee infant. Both infants showed a similar developmental pattern: they enhanced elicitability of vocal sounds at about 55 days of age. Vocal interactions of the three chimpanzee mother-infant pairs were examined. Vocal interactions were observed only in a pair (Pan-Pal). Other pairs did not show interactions. Pan received vocal operant training in early infancy. The mother responded to infant crying vocalization by pant grunt-like sounds.