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Auditory and vocal functions of the chimpanzee

黑猩猩的听觉和发声功能

基本信息

批准号：
13410025
负责人：
KOJOMA Shozo
金额：
$ 6.66万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

In this research project, I found a chimpanzee (a female chimpanzee, Pan) can identify other individuals in her group only by their vocal sounds. Researchers found individuality in pant hoots, but not in pant grunts and screams. The present study showed that she can match not only pant hoots, but also pant grunts and screams with a photograph of group members in an auditory-visual intermodal matching to sample task. She can also identify each caller in duets of pant hoots. The importance of the fundamental frequency and frequency components below and above 1 kHz for individual recognition by vocal sounds was examined. It is found that the fundamental frequency is important for identification. Thus, researchers have underestimated the ability of the chimpanzee to identify vocalizers by vocal sounds. She matched different vocal sounds with with different facial actions in the same chimpanzee.Early vocal development of a chimpanzee infant was studied and compared with that of a human-raised chimpanzee infant. Both infants showed a similar developmental pattern: they enhanced elicitability of vocal sounds at about 55 days of age. Vocal interactions of the three chimpanzee mother-infant pairs were examined. Vocal interactions were observed only in a pair (Pan-Pal). Other pairs did not show interactions. Pan received vocal operant training in early infancy. The mother responded to infant crying vocalization by pant grunt-like sounds.

在这个研究项目中，我发现一只黑猩猩（一只雌性黑猩猩，Pan）只能通过声音来识别群体中的其他个体。研究人员在喘气声中发现了个性，但在喘气咕噜声和尖叫声中却没有发现个性。目前的研究表明，在与样本任务的听觉-视觉联运匹配中，她不仅可以将喘气的叫声，还可以将喘气的咕噜声和尖叫声与小组成员的照片相匹配。她还可以通过二重奏的喘息声来识别每个呼叫者。研究了基频和低于和高于 1 kHz 的频率分量对于声音个体识别的重要性。研究发现基频对于识别很重要。因此，研究人员低估了黑猩猩通过声音识别发声者的能力。她将同一只黑猩猩的不同声音与不同的面部动作相匹配。研究了黑猩猩婴儿的早期声音发育，并与人类饲养的黑猩猩婴儿的早期声音发育进行了比较。两个婴儿都表现出相似的发育模式：他们在 55 天左右时就增强了发声的能力。研究人员检查了三对黑猩猩母婴的声音互动。仅在一对（Pan-Pal）中观察到声音交互。其他配对没有表现出相互作用。潘在婴儿早期就接受了声乐操作训练。母亲用类似喘气的咕噜声来回应婴儿的哭声。