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Credit Accumulation Systems and Learning Evaluation in Higher Education employing Information Technology

采用信息技术的高等教育学分累积系统和学习评价

基本信息

批准号：
13410093
负责人：
ONO Yoshio
金额：
$ 5.38万
依托单位：
National Institution for Academic Degrees and University Evaluation
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The National Institution for Academic Degrees and University Evaluation (NIAD-UE) grants academic degrees to those who are studying university-level courses without registering as full-time students by evaluating their learning achievements. The recent rise of novel teaching methods by utilizing IT should give profound influence to the development of higher education systems. We studied the trends of e-learning in view of (A) technical, (B) legislative, and (C) quality-assuring aspects.As for (A) technical aspect, the following characteristic features should be noticed : majority of e-learning media shifting toward Internet ; more attention being paid to the improvement of learning contents rather than information infrastructure ; an e-learning consortium being successfully established in Japan, with one hub university and quite a number of partner colleges. As for (B) legislative aspect, the following characteristic features should be noticed : In U.S.A., Higher Education Act was amen … More ded in 1992 to include so-called "50% rule", in which higher education institutions providing more than 50% of the courses via telecommunication means are not eligible for Federal Student Aid, hoping for counteracting against the prevalence of low quality academic degree recipients. Later on The Distance Education Demonstration Program was introduced to relax the legal restriction of distance education, leaving then the problem of federal intervention into the higher education issue. As for (C) quality-assuring aspect, the following characteristic features should be noticed : Open University(OU) in UK has The Credit Transfer System with which credits earned by the students at some external educational institutions are recognized after inspection ; OU also has the OU Validation Service, in which validation of non-recognized educational institutions by OU committee is granted after inspection procedures with the effect of their students acquiring academic degrees issued by OU, thus balancing the widening of academic course and the assurance of quality. Our studied are concluded by the listing future issues of e-learning : importance of bi-directional communication between learners and teachers ; assurance of quality of academic degree in global scale ; more precise balancing widening the academic courses and quality assurance ; needs to explore new evaluation standards for e-learning beyond the traditional university qualification procedures. Less

国家学位和大学评价院（NIAD-UE）对没有注册为全日制学生而正在学习大学水平课程的人，通过评估其学习成绩，授予学位。最近兴起的利用信息技术的新型教学方法应该对高等教育系统的发展产生深远的影响。我们从(A)技术、(B)立法和(C)质量保证方面研究了电子学习的趋势。(A)技术方面，应注意以下特点：大多数电子学习媒体转向互联网；重视学习内容的提升，忽视了信息基础设施的建设；一个在日本成功建立的电子学习联盟，由一所中心大学和相当多的合作大学组成。(B)立法方面，应注意以下特点：在美国，《高等教育法》于1992年修订，其中包括所谓的“50%规则”，即通过电信方式提供50%以上课程的高等教育机构没有资格获得联邦学生援助，希望以此来抵消低质量学位获得者的普遍存在。后来引入了远程教育示范计划，放宽了远程教育的法律限制，留下了联邦干预高等教育问题的问题。在(C)质量保证方面，需要注意以下特点：英国开放大学实行学分转换制度，学生在一些外部教育机构获得的学分经检查后得到承认；公开大学还设有公开大学认证服务，由公开大学委员会对未获公开大学认可的教育机构进行审核后，授予认证资格，使其学生获得公开大学颁发的学位，从而在扩大学术课程和保证质量之间取得平衡。我们的研究最后列出了电子学习的未来问题：学习者和教师之间双向交流的重要性；在全球范围内保证学位质量；更精确地平衡拓宽学术课程与质量保证；需要探索超越传统大学资格程序的电子学习新的评估标准。少