Studies on the Correlation between Human Settlement and Fauna in Palaeolithic Period

(1)研究旧石器时代遗址的结构及其地理条件。圆形人工制品单元不属于几个组，而只属于一个组，因为从分析主要工具和原材料的分布来看，人工制品单元显然是均匀的。B.在箱根和芦高山麓发现的陷阱坑被用来诱捕在这些山脉的顶部和山麓之间迁徙的鹿群。C.至少有三个结构已被报告为旧石器时代的住宅可能不属于旧石器时代或没有证据的住宅。D.绳纹坑居的起源似乎是北海道的微刃文化和御越芝文化的帐篷或小屋，从旧石器时代末期到绳纹时代初期传播到本州岛。(2)更新世哺乳动物化石研究。我们在Shoheigaiwaya洞穴进行了挖掘，并确定了在上部沉积物中的K-Ah火山灰覆盖着初始绳文文化层，在下部沉积物中有一层厚厚的水层，其中包括一些哺乳动物化石。B.在Tarumi NT洞穴的发掘中发现了一些属于中更新世的动物骨骼。(3)日本与法国旧石器时代聚落与狩猎的比较研究。外国合作者撰写了关于该项目的文章。B.基于这些文章和其他研究，我比较了从日本发现的陷阱坑中推断出的鹿的海拔位移与旧石器时代法国西南部驯鹿的微迁移。在相似之处的同时，我们可以看到日本和法国在旧石器时代向后旧石器时代过渡时期的沉积学进展方面的鲜明对比。

(1) Studying the structures at Palaeolithic sites and their geographical conditionsa. The circular artefact units belong not to several groups but only to one group because artefact units are clearly homogeneous from analysing the distribution of the main tools and the raw materials. b. The trap pits found in the Hakone and Ashitaka foothills were used trapping the herds of deer migrating between the top and the foothills of these mountains. c. At least three structures which have been reported as Palaeolithic dwellings may not belong to Palaeolithic period or have no evidence of dwellings. d. The origins of the Jomon pit dwellings seem to be the tents or huts of Microblade and Mikoshiba cultures in Hokkaido that spread to Honsyu from the terminal Palaeolithic to the beginning of the Jomon.(2) Investigation of Pleistocene mammalian fossila. We conducted excavations at Shoheigaiwaya cave and ascertained that a Initial Jomon cultural layer was covered by the K-Ah volcanic ash in the upper deposits, and a thick aquatic layer included a few mammalian fossil in the lower deposits. b. Excavations at Tarumi NT cave brought to light a number of animal bones belonging to Middle Pleistocene.(3) Comparative studies on the Palaeolithic settlement and hunting between Japan and France a. Foreign collaborators wrote their articles concerning this project. b. Based on these articles and other studies, I compared the altitudinal displacement of deer inferred from the trap pits found in Japan with the micromigration of reindeer in Palaeolithic southwestern France. In spits of the similarity, we can see a striking contrast concerning the progress of sedentism at the time of the transition from Palaeolithic to Post-Palaeolithic period between Japan and France.