Evolution of the complement genes and the vertebrate genomes

补体基因和脊椎动物基因组的进化

• 批准号: 13440252
• 负责人: NONAKA Masaru
• 金额: $ 9.28万
• 依托单位: The University of Tokyo
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2002
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13440252/
• 关键词: Complement system; Evolution; Gene duplication; MHC; Vertebrate; Ascidian; 自然免疫; 脊索動物

The C3 and C6 genes were isolated from a cephalochordate, amphioxus, establishing the presence of the complement system in cephalochordates. The presence of C6 containing the MAC/perforin domain strongly suggests that the invertebrate complement system is equipped with the cytolytic mechanism, whereas only opsonic activity has been demonstrated thus far. From a urochordate, Halocynthia roretzi, the MASP, C3, Bf and CR3 alpha genes and proteins were identified. In addition, through the annotation of the draft genome sequence of another ascidian species, Ciona intestinalis, many possible complement component genes, including C1q and many cytolytic components were identified, indicating that the complement system was well developed in the last common ancestor of urochordates and vertebrates.The evolution of the MHC gene organization was analyzed using a bony fish medaka and a cartilaginous fish shark. The C4 and Bf genes were linked to the MHC class I and II genes in shark. Since sharks are most primitive animal to possess the MHC, this result suggests that the class III complement genes were original members of the MHC.

从文昌鱼头脊索动物中分离到C3和C6基因，证实了头脊索动物中存在补体系统。含有MAC/穿孔蛋白结构域的C6的存在强烈表明，无脊椎动物补体系统具有细胞溶解机制，而迄今为止仅证实了偶音活性。从一种尾脊索动物Halocynthia roretzi中鉴定了MASP、C3、Bf和CR3 α基因和蛋白。此外，通过对另一种海鞘物种Ciona ninteinalis基因组序列草图的注释，鉴定出许多可能的补体成分基因，包括C1q和许多细胞溶解成分，表明补体系统在尾脊索动物和脊椎动物的最后共同祖先中发育良好。用硬骨鱼和软骨鱼鲨鱼分析了MHC基因组织的进化。C4和Bf基因分别与鲨鱼MHC I类和II类基因相连。由于鲨鱼是拥有MHC的最原始的动物，这一结果表明，III类补体基因是MHC的原始成员。

项目成果

Nonaka M I, Wang G, Mori T, Okada H., Nonaka M: "Novel androgen-dependent promoters direct expression of the C4 binding protein a-chain gene in epididymis"J. Immunol.. 166. 4570-4577 (2001)

Nonaka M I、Wang G、Mori T、Okada H.、Nonaka M：“新型雄激素依赖性启动子指导附睾中 C4 结合蛋白 a 链基因的表达”J。

Suzuki M M, Satoh N, Nonaka M: "c6-like and C3-like molecules from the cephalochordate, amphioxus, suggest a cytolytic complement system in invertebrates"J. Mol. Evol.. (in press). (2002)

Suzuki M M、Satoh N、Nonaka M：“来自头索动物、文昌鱼的 c6 样和 C3 样分子表明无脊椎动物中存在溶细胞补体系统”J.

Dehal, P.: "The draft genome of Ciona intestinalis : insights into chordate and vertebrate origins"Science. 298. 2157-2167 (2002)

Dehal, P.：“海鞘基因组草案：对脊索动物和脊椎动物起源的见解”《科学》。

Nonaka, M. I., Wang, G., Mori, T., Okada, H., & Nonaka. M.: "Novel androgen-dependent promoters direct expression of the C4 binding protein a-chain gene in epididymis"J. Immunol. 166. 4570-4577 (2001)

野中 M. I.、王 G.、森 T.、冈田 H.、

Terado T, Nonaka M I, Nonaka M, Kimura H: "Conservation of the modular structure of complement factor I through vertebrate evolution"Dev. Comp. Immunol.. (in press). (2002)

Terado T、Nonaka M I、Nonaka M、Kimura H：“通过脊椎动物进化保守补体因子 I 的模块结构”Dev。