Origin and Evolution of the Vertebrate Immune System

脊椎动物免疫系统的起源和进化

• 批准号: 09839029
• 负责人: NONAKA Masaru
• 金额: $ 1.92万
• 依托单位: The University of Tokyo (1998)Nagoya City University (1997)
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1997 至 1998
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09839029/
• 关键词: Complement; MHC; Innate Immunity; Ascidian; Medaka; 補体; ホヤ

1) Molecular cloning and structural analysis of ascidian complement components :cDNA clones for complement component MASP and C3 were isolated from the liver library of Japanese ascidian, Halocynthia roretzi. The deduced primary structures of these component indicated that they are ascidian counterparts of vertebrate MASP and C3. Antibodies against ascidian C3 inhibited an opsonic activity of ascidian body fluid to enhance phagocytosis of yeast by ascidian coelomocytes. These results indicate that the multi-component, opsonic complement system has been established by the time of urochordates emergence, much earlier than adaptive immunity.2) Linkage analysis of mammalian MHC-encoded genes in Xenopus and Medaka fish :Most mammalian MHC-encoded genes tested linked to each other in Xenopus, indicating the conservation of this linkage group between amphibians and mammals. In contrast, MHC class I, II and III genes showed a dispersed distribution all over Medaka fish chromosomes, except for a close linkage among the class IA, LMP2, LMP7 and TAP2 genes. Thus the class IA and its antigen processing/transport genes seem to be the core part of the MHC, indicating that the original physiological meaning of the MHC was to establish the class I antigen presentation system.

1)海鞘补体成分的分子克隆和结构分析：从日本海鞘Halocynthia roretzi的肝脏文库中分离出补体成分MASP和C3的cDNA克隆。推导的这些成分的一级结构表明它们是脊椎动物 MASP 和 C3 的海鞘对应物。海鞘C3抗体抑制海鞘体液的调理活性，增强海鞘体腔细胞对酵母的吞噬作用。这些结果表明，多组分调理补体系统在尾索动物出现时就已建立，远早于适应性免疫。 2）非洲爪蟾和青鳉鱼中哺乳动物MHC编码基因的连锁分析：在非洲爪蟾中测试的大多数哺乳动物MHC编码基因彼此连锁，表明两栖动物和青鳉鱼中这种连锁群的保守性。 哺乳动物。相比之下，除了 IA 类、LMP2、LMP7 和 TAP2 基因之间存在紧密连锁外，MHC I、II 和 III 类基因在整个青鳉鱼染色体上显示出分散分布。由此可见，IA类及其抗原加工/转运基因似乎是MHC的核心部分，表明MHC最初的生理意义是建立I类抗原呈递系统。

项目成果

Nonaka,M., Namikawa,C., Kato,Y., Sasaki,M., Satlar-Cid,L., Flajnik,M.: "Major hisdocompatibility complex gene mapping in the amphibian Xenopus implies a primordial organization." Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA. 94. 5789-5791 (1997)

Nonaka,M.、Namikawa,C.、Kato,Y.、Sasaki,M.、Satlar-Cid,L.、Flajnik,M.：“两栖动物爪蟾的主要组织相容性复合体基因图谱暗示了原始组织。”

Nonaka,M.: "Molecular genetics of the complement C3 convertases in lower vertebrates" Immunol.Rev.166. 59-65 (1998)

Nonaka,M.：“低等脊椎动物补体 C3 转化酶的分子遗传学”Immunol.Rev.166。

Ji,X., Azumi,K., Sasaki,M., Nonaka,M.: "Ancient origin of the complement lectin pathway revealed by molecular cloning of woman binding protein-associated serine protease fian aurochedats the Japanese ascidian, Halocynthia roretzi" Proc.Nadl.Acad.Sci.USA.

Ji,X.、Azumi,K.、Sasaki,M.、Nonaka,M.：“通过女性结合蛋白相关丝氨酸蛋白酶 fian aurochedats 日本海鞘 Halocynthia roretzi 的分子克隆揭示了补体凝集素途径的古老起源”Proc

Nonaka, M., Kuroda, N., Naruse, K.& Shima, A.: "Molecular genetics of the complement C3 convertases in lower vertebrates." Immunol.Rev.166. 59-65 (1998)

野中，M.，黑田，N.，成濑，K.

Namikawa,C., Naruse,K., Wada,H., Shima,A., Kuroda,N., Nonaka,M., Sasaki,M.: "Genetic linkage between the LMP2 and LMP7 genes in didalea fish,a teleost." Immunogenetics. 46. 431-433 (1997)

Namikawa,C.、Naruse,K.、Wada,H.、Shima,A.、Kuroda,N.、Nonaka,M.、Sasaki,M.：“硬骨鱼 didalea 鱼中 LMP2 和 LMP7 基因之间的遗传联系