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Research on Advanced Superconducting Fault Current Limiter with Both Quick Current Limiting Function and Superconducting Recovery Characteristics

兼具快速限流功能和超导恢复特性的先进超导故障限流器研究

基本信息

批准号：
13450108
负责人：
ONISHI Toshitada
金额：
$ 7.81万
依托单位：
HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The needs for fault current limiters are increased in order to establish a reliable and flexible power system. The research and development on various types of fault current limiters have been conducted especially since the discovery of the high temperature superconductor. A magnetic shield type superconducting fault current limiter (denoted as MSFCL) is thought to be one of the promising candidates for the practical one. The superconducting magnetic shielding body for MSFCL has to be heated up quickly over the critical temerature in order to produce large current limiting impedance. It is, however, difficult to heat it up to such a high temperature in the early stage of current limiting action.The authors proposed a high-performance MSFCL which would have functions to solve such a problem. One of the features is that the superconducting magnetic shielding body will be heated up automatically and quickly after a short circuit failure occurs. It will also be recovered to superconducting state in a short period of time when the fault is cleared. Those characteristics were revealed by computer simulations. The researches on the thermal and current limiting characteristics were conducted experimentally for the MSFCL with the proposed structure to verify such characteristics in this project. It was revealed that the superconductor was automatically heated up over the critical temperature T__c within around 1 cycle after a fault occurs when the voltage applied to the current limiting coil is set over an appropriate value which corresponds to the distribution power line voltage (6.6 kV). The superconducting recovery characteristics were also studied experimentally. It was shown that the fault current limiter will be recovered quickly into a superconducting state within 1 s after the line current becomes zero. The design criterion of cooling structure for fast superconducting recovery was also shown.

为了建立可靠且灵活的电力系统，对故障限流器的需求不断增加。特别是自高温超导体发现以来，人们对各种类型的故障限流器进行了研究和开发。磁屏蔽型超导故障限流器（表示为MSFCL）被认为是实用化的最有希望的候选者之一。 MSFCL的超导磁屏蔽体必须快速加热到临界温度以上，才能产生大的限流阻抗。然而，在限流动作的初期将其加热到如此高的温度是很困难的。作者提出了一种高性能的MSFCL，它具有解决这一问题的功能。特点之一是超导磁屏蔽体在发生短路故障后会自动快速升温。当故障清除后，它也会在短时间内恢复到超导状态。这些特征是通过计算机模拟揭示的。本项目对具有所提出结构的 MSFCL 的热和限流特性进行了实验研究，以验证这些特性。结果表明，当施加到限流线圈的电压设置为与配电线路电压（6.6 kV）相对应的适当值时，超导体会在故障发生后约1个周期内自动加热到临界温度T__c。还对超导恢复特性进行了实验研究。结果表明，故障限流器会在线路电流变为零后1 s内迅速恢复到超导状态。还给出了超导快速恢复冷却结构的设计准则。