A Study on the new planning method responding to the changes of preferences of activity in nature park

随着人们对自然风景区偏好的变化，自然公园的角色也在发生变化。尤其是作为体验自然或学习环境管理的场所的作用变得更加重要。此外，日本自然公园系统存在的各种问题也得到了认可，如“过度使用”就是容量问题。因此，需要以新的保护和利用思路对自然公园制度进行修订。在这样的背景下，我们关注在国家公园推广自然体验。我们考察了国家公园使用政策的现状，明确了存在的问题，并探讨了解决问题的思路。这项研究是基于对北海道国家公园三个地点的报告进行的个案研究，这三个地点分别是芝子国家公园、赤根国家公园和草根国家公园。在每个站点上，调查了以下几个方面：1.现有区域的概况和问题，包括每个NP在旅游和使用方面的情况；2.自然体验导游的行为者；3.行政管理与非营利组织和个人的关系。4.自然保护或旅游、城市规划的行政规划。结果表明，目前存在的主要问题是自然导游活动与国家公园管理规划的关系薄弱，难以实施有效的、系统的行动。从这个角度来看，似乎可以采取以下措施：1.有效地提供信息；2.根据游客的特点进行规划；3.升级各种公园设施。

According to the changes of people's preferences to natural scenic area, the role of the natural park has been changing. Especially the role as the place to experience the nature or learn about environment management has become more important. Besides, it has been recognized various problems of the natural park system in Japan, for instance "over-use" as the capacity problem. Consequently it is required to revise the system of natural park based on the new way of thinking about the conservation and use.From these background, we paid notice to the promoting the nature experience in national park. We watched the exiting conditions of the policy for the use of national park, then clarified their problems and discussed the ideas for its solution. This study is a case study based on reports of three sites of national park in Hokkaido, Shiretoko NP, Akan NP, and Kushirositsugen NP. On the each site, the following points were investigated, 1. The profile and problem of the existing region which includes each NP regarding tourism and use of the NP, 2. The actor of nature experience guide, 3.The relationship between administration and NPO and individuals. 4. Administrative plans for nature conservation or tourism or city planning.As a result, it was revealed that the major problem is a week relation between the activities of nature guide and the management plan of national parks, and it is difficult to execute effective and systematic action. From this point of view, the following measures are seems to be available, 1. Effective provision of information, 2.Planning responding to the features of tourists, 3.Upgrade of various facilities for park use.