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Neuropsychological basis of semantic memory distinctive role of the left and right temporal lobe

语义记忆的神经心理学基础左右颞叶的独特作用

基本信息

批准号：
14580422
负责人：
KOMORI Kenjiro
金额：
$ 2.24万
依托单位：
Ehime University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Semantic dementia(SD) due to temporal lobar atrophy, shows selective breakdown of semantic memory. Patterns of lobar atrophy in the temporal lobes are usually asymmetric. The relationship between left or right predominance of the atrophy and distinct cognitive dysfunctions remains unknown.To address this issue, we analyzed cognitive features comparing performances on the standardized neuropsychological tests (SLTA, the picture naming and word picture matching test, and WAIS-R) between two subgroups of SD. The groups represented predominantly left or right temporal lobe atrophy. Patients with predominantly left temporal lobar atrophy (SD-L) showed more marked deterioration of verbal production and comprehension compared to patients with greater abnormality on the right (SD-R). In contrast, SD-R patients exhibited relatively worse comprehension of caricatures than the SD-L patients, whose performance on the rest of the language tests were more degraded than SD-R patients. The SD-R group … More showed degradation of PIQ equal to that of VIQ. These results suggest that SD-R patients suffered degraded intelligence about visual materials.Using newly developed completion tests for proverbs and objects, we compared representational deficit in verbal and visual materials across the two subgroups of SD. Although all patients with SD were impaired in both completion tests for proverbs and objects, they indicated two different patterns probably due to asymmetry in laterality of atrophy. Performance of SD-L patients in the proverb completion tests were more severely degraded compared to SD-R patients. Patients with SD-R showed more marked deterioration of performances in the object completion tests than SD-L patients. These distinct double dissociations between subgroups of SD suggest two possibilities : first, that the left temporal lobe may be more important in verbal representation than the right ; and second, the possibility that neural substrates of visual representation may be subserved by the right temporal lobe mainly. Less

颞叶萎缩导致的语义痴呆（SD）表现为语义记忆的选择性破坏。颞叶的脑叶萎缩模式通常是不对称的。左侧或右侧萎缩与明显认知功能障碍之间的关系仍不清楚。为了解决这个问题，我们分析了 SD 的两个亚组之间在标准化神经心理学测试（SLTA、图片命名和词图匹配测试以及 WAIS-R）上的表现比较的认知特征。这些组主要表现为左颞叶或右颞叶萎缩。与右侧颞叶异常严重的患者 (SD-R) 相比，左侧颞叶萎缩为主的患者 (SD-L) 的言语表达和理解能力恶化更为明显。相比之下，SD-R 患者对漫画的理解能力比 SD-L 患者相对较差，SD-L 患者在其余语言测试中的表现比 SD-R 患者更差。 SD-R 组的 PIQ 下降与 VIQ 相同。这些结果表明，SD-R 患者对视觉材料的智力下降。使用新开发的谚语和物体完成测试，我们比较了 SD 两个亚组的言语和视觉材料的表征缺陷。尽管所有 SD 患者在谚语和物体的完成测试中均受到损害，但它们表明了两种不同的模式，这可能是由于萎缩侧向的不对称性所致。与 SD-R 患者相比，SD-L 患者在谚语完成测试中的表现下降更严重。 SD-R 患者在对象完成测试中表现出比 SD-L 患者更明显的恶化。 SD亚群之间的这些独特的双重分离表明了两种可能性：首先，左颞叶在言语表征中可能比右颞叶更重要；其次，视觉表征的神经基质可能主要受右颞叶的影响。较少的