Observational Study for Precipitation Characteristic and its interaction with local circulation over Indonesian Maritime Continent

这项研究的目的是澄清降水活动的分布和变化，这是印度尼西亚海洋大陆上水和能量循环的基本要素之一。利用TRMM （Tropical rainfall Measuring Mission）卫星资料分析降水日循环，利用苏门答腊岛多点降水探空观测分析局地环流，利用Mirai对印度洋东部海域的海上对流进行观测，探讨对流活动变化与局地环流的相互作用。在第一财政年度（2002财政年度），我们建立了如下的研究环境：1)建立了一台大型数据存储的计算机，用于TRMM数据分析；2)在苏门答腊岛100km外的小岛上安装了观测设备；3)上一财政年度（2001财政年度）的密集雷达探空观测数据…第二财政年度（FY2003）发现：1)白天（夜间）从苏门答腊岛西南海岸线开始向内陆（近海）地区推进的陆-海日降水峰值迁移；2)局地环流和大尺度（西南季风）环流相互作用导致沿海岸线产生对流；3)对流层中下层的日风变化也受到降水峰值迁移的显著影响。最后一个财政年度（2004财政年度），我们的研究总结如下：1)澄清了东印度洋对流活动的季节内变化（ISV）活跃和不活跃阶段的特征；2)讨论了与热带辐合带（ITCZ）有关的降雨峰值迁移的季节变化；3)我们刚刚开始利用区域气候模式进一步研究海洋、岛屿和陆地上的旅行对流调制机制。少

The objective of this research is to clarity the distribution and variability of precipitating activity which is one of the basic elements of the water and energy circulation over Indonesian maritime continent. In particular, we carried out the following four studies : 1)Analyze the rainfall diurnal cycle by using Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission(TRMM) satellite data, 2)Examine local circulations based on intensive multi-points rawinsonde observations over Sumatera Island, 3)Observe maritime convections with R/V Mirai over the eastern Indian Ocean, and 4)Discuss the interaction between variations of convective activity and local circulations.In the first fiscal year (FY2002), we established the research environment as follows : 1)A computer with huge data storages was set up required for TRMM data analysis, 2)Observational equipment were installed at small island which is located 100km off Sumatera Island, and 3)Intensive rawinsonde observation data in the last fiscal year (FY2001) … More were archived for analysis.In the second fiscal year (FY2003), we found 1)diurnal land-sea rainfall peak migrations which advance towards inland (offshore) region in the daytime (nighttime) staring from the southwestern coastline of Sumatera Island, 2)convections are generated along the coastline triggered by an interaction between local and large-scale (southwesterly monsoon) circulations, and 3)diurnal wind variations in the lower to middle troposphere is modified significantly by the rainfall peak migrations, too.In the final fiscal year (FY2004), we concluded the research as follows : 1)Characteristics of convective activity over the eastern Indian Ocean were clarified for intraseasonal variation (ISV) active and inactive phases, 2)Seasonal variation of the rainfall peak migrations in relation to Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) were discussed, and 3)We have just started further study for mechanism of traveling convections modulated over ocean, islands, and land by using a regional climate model. Less