Analyses of the basic theory of motor learning in a leaching action -generalization, feedback information, and image training-

浸出动作中运动学习的基本理论分析-概括、反馈信息和图像训练-

• 批准号: 15300207
• 负责人: DOMEN Kazuhisa
• 金额: $ 4.29万
• 依托单位: Hyogo College of Medicine
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2003 至 2004
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15300207/
• 关键词: motor learning; generalization; feedback; imitation; motor perception; 見まね学習; 片麻痺

According to the error-learning theory, the establishment of an internal model is necessary for performing rapid movement without depending on visual feedback. Based on this theory, we conducted several studies on the facilitation effect on the motor learning process. In the first three experiments, we asked the subjects to perform a horizontal reaching task that involved moving the cursor from a start point to an end point displayed on a cathode ray tube (CRT). The task was evaluated as successful when the hand moved through each point within the indicated time. The evaluation of the task was immediately displayed on the CRT. Increase in success rate was used as an indicator of the facilitation effect on motor learning.Experiment 1.We compared the success rate of reaching in multiple directions before and after the subjects practiced reaching in one of the directions. We observed moderate generalization of the learning effect on the direction of reaching.Experiment 2.We compared the success rate of reaching with and without the display of the trajectory of the subject's hand to the subject. The success rate was significantly higher when the trajectory was displayed than when it was not displayed.Experiment 3.We investigated the effect of imitation on motor learning by comparing the results of hemiplegic patients performing the task by using their unaffected upper extremities with the results of healthy subjects. In the hemiplegic patients, the effect of imitation was not detected, while imitation was found to have an effect on motor learning in the healthy subjects.Experiment 4.We roughly measured the threshold for recognizing the difference in trajectory, speed, and movement pattern of the object displayed on the CRT and compared the results between hemiplegics and healthy subjects. The thresholds revealed higher tendency in the hemiplegics than in healthy subjects.

根据错误学习理论，内部模型的建立对于在不依赖视觉反馈的情况下执行快速运动是必要的。基于这一理论，我们进行了几项关于促进效应对运动技能学习过程的研究。在前三个实验中，我们要求受试者执行一项水平延伸任务，该任务涉及将光标从阴极射线管（CRT）上显示的起点移动到终点。当手在指定时间内移动通过每个点时，任务被评估为成功。任务的评价立即显示在CRT上。实验1.比较了被试在进行单方向伸手练习前后，多方向伸手的成功率。我们观察到适度的泛化的学习效果的方向达到。实验2.我们比较了成功率达到与不显示的轨迹的主题的主题的手。实验3.通过比较偏瘫患者和健康人的上肢动作学习成绩，探讨了模仿对运动学习的影响。在偏瘫患者中，没有检测到模仿的效果，而在健康受试者中，发现模仿对运动学习有影响。实验4.我们粗略地测量了偏瘫患者和健康受试者识别CRT上显示的物体的轨迹、速度和运动模式差异的阈值，并比较了结果。偏瘫患者的阈值有高于健康人的趋势。