权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Medium Temperature Operating Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Using Hydrocarbon Fuels

使用碳氢化合物燃料的中温工作固体氧化物燃料电池

基本信息

批准号：
15360365
负责人：
UCHIDA Hiroyuki
金额：
$ 4.86万
依托单位：
University of Yamanashi
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15360365/
关键词：
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Ceria Nickel Internal Reforming Methane 固体酸化物形燃料電池

项目摘要

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are expected to provide high energy conversion efficiencies. The SOFCs have a potential of use of hydrocarbon fuels, which can be reformed internally to reactive fuels such as hydrogen or carbon monoxide on the anode. It is desirable to operate SOFCs at a medium temperature (700〜800℃) to overcome problems such as degradation of the construction materials, sintering of electrodes, and a limited choice of materials. The aim of this research project is to develop high performance anodes for the internal reforming-type SOFCs operating at medium temperatures. We obtained the following results.1.Mixed conducting samaria-doped ceria (SDC) anodes with a small amount of Ni nanoparticles (8 vol.%) exhibited a higher performance in SOFC operated at 700-900℃ than that of Ni-SDC cermet. Microstructural analyses of Ni-dispersed SDC showed that nanometer-sized Ni catalysts enhanced the anodic reaction rate by increasing the active reaction sites and lowering the electro … More nic resistance in the anode effectively. The Ni-dispersed SDC anode exhibited a stable performance at 800℃ and 0.6 A cm^<-2> in humidified H_2 for a long term over 1100 h. We succeeded to clarify a mechanism for the stabilization of the anode microstructure during the long term operation.2.The Ni-dispersed SDC anode could be operated with methane at S/C (steam to carbon ratio) of unity, which was lower than that required for complete steam reforming. It was found that CH_4 was reformed additionally by utilizing water vapor formed by the anode discharging reaction. The carbon deposition could be suppressed by increasing the amount of catalysts or changing the kind of catalyst dispersed on the SDC.3.We have found that the Ni (8 vol.%)-dispersed SDC was also applied to the cathode in solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) for efficient production of hydrogen. An SOEC, comprised of Ni-dispersed SDC cathode, La(Sr)CoO_3 anode with SDC interlayer and YSZ electrolyte, exhibited fairly high performance ; IR-free cell voltage=1.20 V at 0.50 A cm^<-2> and 900℃ under the atmosphere of H_2+H2_O(p[H_2]=0.6 atm, p[H2_O]=0.4 atm) and O_2 (1 atm). Less

固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC）被期望提供高的能量转换效率。SOFC具有使用烃燃料的潜力，烃燃料可以在阳极上内部重整为反应性燃料，例如氢气或一氧化碳。期望在中等温度（700 - 800℃）下操作SOFC以克服诸如构造材料的降解、电极的烧结和材料的有限选择的问题。本研究计画之目的为开发中温内重整式固体氧化物燃料电池之高性能阳极。我们获得了以下结果：1.掺杂钐的氧化铈（SDC）与少量Ni纳米颗粒（8vol. %）的混合导电阳极在700-900℃的SOFC中，Ni-SDC金属陶瓷的性能优于Ni-SDC金属陶瓷。微观结构分析表明，纳米Ni催化剂通过增加反应活性位和降低电化学反应速率来提高阳极反应速率。 ...更多信息有效地减小了阳极中的电阻。在800℃、0.6Acm ~ 2、H_2气氛下，分散Ni的SDC阳极在<-2>1100 h以上的长期性能稳定。我们成功地阐明了在长期运行过程中阳极微观结构稳定的机制。2.分散Ni的SDC阳极可以在低于完全蒸汽重整所需的S/C（水碳比）的单位甲烷中运行。研究发现，利用阳极放电反应产生的水蒸气，CH_4被额外重整。通过增加催化剂的用量或改变分散在表面活性剂上的催化剂的种类可以抑制积炭的发生。还将分散的SDC应用于固体氧化物电解池（SOEC）中的阴极以有效地产生氢气。在<-2>900℃、H_2+ H_2_O（p[H_2]=0.6 atm，p[H_2_O]=0.4 atm）和O_2（1 atm）气氛下，无IR电池电压为1.20 V，电流密度为0.50 A cm ~ 2。少