Research of the popular and practical mathematics in the eighteenth-century Britain

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Thee were about twenty or thirty thousands of mathematical lovers from the seventeenth to the nineteenth-century Britain. They are called Philomath. France, Germany, or the other European countries had not such people. There are some reasons why mathematics was so popular in Britain in that time. After the advent of new printing press in London, many mathematical books or magazines were published, and there were many itinerary lecturers on mathematics anywhere in Britain. The contemporary navigation, mensuration and industry socially needed practical mathematics. Mathematics became popular among women as a recreation. There was a social network of mathematics, a kind of public-sphere, through a magazine, the Ladies Diary, in Britain. Mathematics of Philomath was not advanced Newtonian, but practical. They produced various mathematical instruments : English ones are inexpensive, while French are luxury and decorated.