Development of analysis methods of the microwave data measured by satellites for the long-term dynamic phase clarification of the snowcover in polar region

点击翻译按钮获取中文摘要

Three development described in the following was mainly carried out for monitoring the long-term dynamic phase of the snowcover in polar region using various satellites microwave sensor.1.Estimation algorithm of the snowpack parameters.The snowpack model with the uniform structure in the range of the earth surface resolution of the satellite sensor was used in the alternative of the natural snowcover. Then, by taking the difference between system and performance of utilizing sensor into consideration, the effect of the snowpack parameters (depth, number of the layer, grain size, density and water content) which constitutes the model was simulated and the algorithm which reversely decided the model structure from emissivity or complex backscattering coefficient on the model was developed.2.Analysis method of the data measured by microwave radiometer.The analysis method which extracts the emissivity of snowpack from the brightness temperature measured by satellite installation microwave radiometer such as MSR/MOS-1 and AMSR/ADEOS-2, was developed. Using this method, when the MSR data obtained by the observation of Hokkaido, Japan was analyzed, the result of good correspondence in snow characteristics observed in the ground was obtained. This method was also applied to polar region observation MSR data that ground truth data had not been obtained, and it was verified that to obtain the snowpack parameters of depth and grain size is possible.3.Analysis method of the data measured by SAR (synthetic aperture radar).The analysis method which estimated the snowpack parameters of depth and density from the backscattering coefficient of complex number measured from multiple orbits of the satellite such as JERS-1 and ALOS, mounted the L-band SAR, was developed. The experiment for the verification on the effectiveness of this analysis method was carried out in Hokkaido, using Pi-SAR (L-band) mounted on the aircraft, and the analytical result of acquiring data was reported.