Ecological studies on the conservation of endangered insect species in the Satoyama, the traditional rural landscape in Japan

对金井地区稻田水系中濒危水生昆虫大水蚤的种群动态进行了实地调查。我们还对日本稻田边界植被新记录的茧蜂Apanteles jvensis的生活史进行了实地调查，描述了大阪和和歌山县的寄主昆虫、栖息地、生活史等，并对大阪县北部的一处灌木丛中的蝴蝶和飞蛾进行了清查。我们还对灌木丛中的蝴蝶进行了样带计数，以阐明林下修剪对蝴蝶物种多样性和群落结构的影响。此外，我们还对大阪府北部的一处农场和灌木丛景观中的蝴蝶样带进行了计数。结果表明，单性种、中日组分种类、日本特有种、….更多的人依赖于来自佐山不同植被阶段的植物。据报道，日本凤蝶Fujigawa和Niigata种群的成虫已被引入神奈川县石山，两个外来种群的幼虫被饲养在本地种群细辛的食物植物上，以评估它们对本地种群的影响。结果表明，这两个外来种群都能利用日本沼虾，从而与本地种群争夺幼虫的食物植物。特别是，新泻种群可能通过较高的幼虫发育来威胁坦泽种群。我们还通过查阅野外采集的材料和大阪府大学、北海道大学、伦敦自然历史博物馆等收藏的材料，对已知其幼虫在佐山各种乔灌木的叶子中挖掘的Heliozelidae科进行了系统的修订。在大阪国际机场内对濒危的狼蛛Zizina Otis和植被覆盖率进行了实地调查。结果表明，在短草地、棒球场和跑道沿线成虫密度较高。较少

We made field investigations on the population dynamics of endangered aquatic insects including the giant water bug, Lethocerus deyrollei, in the water system of rice paddies in the Kinki district. We also made field surveys on the life history of the braconid wasp, Apanteles javensis, newly recorded from border vegetation of paddies in Japan, and described the host insects, habitat, lifecycle and so on in Osaka and Wakayama Prefectures.We made inventories of butterflies and moths in a coppice in northern Osaka Prefecture. We also conducted transect counts of butterflies in the coppice to elucidate effects of undergrowth mowing on species diversity and assemblage structure of butterflies. Moreover, we made the transect count of butterflies in farm and coppice landscapes in one of the Satoyama, the traditional rural landscape of Japan, in northern Osaka Prefecture. The results showed the abundance of univoltine species, species of the Sino-Japanese components, those endemic to Japan, an … More d those depending on plants from wide range of seral stages of vegetation in Satoyama. The results show that the mosaic structure of vegetation in terms of the seral stage is important for conservation of species diversities of butterflies in Satoyama.As it was reported that adults of the Fujigawa and Niigata populations of the endangered papilionid, Luehdorfia japonica, had been introduced to Mt.Ishizare-yama, Kanagawa Prefecture, larvae of the two exotic populations were reared on the food plant of native population, Asarum nipponicum (Aristolochiaceae), to assess their possible impacts on the native population. The results show that both the exotic populations are able to use A.nipponicum so that they compete for the larval food plant with the native population. In particular the Niigata population may threaten the Tanzawa population by the higher larval development. We also made a systematic revision of the family Heliozelidae, whose larvae are known to mine in a leaf of various trees and shrubs in Satoyama, by examining materials collected in the field for this study and those preserved in the collections of Osaka Prefecture University, Hokkaido University, the Natural History Museum of London and so on.A field survey of the endangered lycaenid, Zizina otis, and coverage of vegetation were made inside the Osaka International Airport. Results show that density of adults was high in short grasslands at a baseball ground and along a runway. Less