Forest management system with artificial canopy gaps in coppice forest, special reference to species diversity.

林隙是在森林树冠上形成的开口，通常会导致称为林隙再生或林隙动态的动态现象。异质结构，包括天然林中的一些空隙，也为动植物物种提供了多样化的栖息地。然而，大多数次生林都失去了其结构异质性，这些次生林主要是作为生产木炭的灌木林来经营的。在采伐后的几十年内，这些灌木林的结构还没有发展到异质性，而是发展到同质性。因此，为了恢复潜在的森林生物，需要建立异质结构的管理。我们研究了天然森林中不同树冠条件下树苗和木鼠的分布格局。部分树种在林隙内和林窗下的分布格局不均匀。并对影响植物物种多样性变化的因素进行了探讨。对温带落叶阔叶次生林人工营造不同大小的林隙对植物物种多样性的影响进行了实验研究。在苗木出苗阶段，人工营造林隙有助于增加出苗物种数和物种丰富度。提出了一种在人工林隙形成之前预测林下光照水平的收获前方法，并在阔叶林混交林中进行了验证。

Gaps are openings created in a forest canopy, which often induce dynamic phenomena known as gap regeneration or gap dynamics. Heterogeneous structure including some gaps in natura1 forest also provide diverse habitats for plant and animal species. However most secondary forests, which had been mainly managed as coppice forests for yielding charcoal of firewood, loss their structural heterogeneity. Structure of those coppice forests have not developed yet to heterogeneous but to homogenous ones within several decades after clear-cuttings. Management for creating heterogeneous structure is therefore required to restore potential creatures of the forest.We examined distributional patterns of tree seedlings and wood mice under different canopy conditions in a natural forest. Some species showed uneven distributional patterns between within gaps and under closed canopy. Factors affecting changes in plant species diversity were also investigated. We performed some experimental studies to test the effects of artificially creating canopy gaps of different sizes on plant species diversity in a temperate deciduous broad-leaved secondary forest. The artificially creating canopy gaps contributed to the number of emerged species and species richness at the stage of seedling emergence. A pre-harvest method was proposed for predicting understory light levels before creating artificial gaps and was verified to mixed broad - leaved forest.