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Forest management system with artificial canopy gaps in coppice forest, special reference to species diversity.

矮林森林中具有人工林冠间隙的森林管理系统，特别提到物种多样性。

基本信息

批准号：
09660157
负责人：
KAMITANI Tomohiko
金额：
$ 1.28万
依托单位：
Niigata University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09660157/
关键词：
Canopy gap Forest structure Species diversity Disturbance Seed size Wood mouse Minor habitat Home range 攪乱

项目摘要

Gaps are openings created in a forest canopy, which often induce dynamic phenomena known as gap regeneration or gap dynamics. Heterogeneous structure including some gaps in natura1 forest also provide diverse habitats for plant and animal species. However most secondary forests, which had been mainly managed as coppice forests for yielding charcoal of firewood, loss their structural heterogeneity. Structure of those coppice forests have not developed yet to heterogeneous but to homogenous ones within several decades after clear-cuttings. Management for creating heterogeneous structure is therefore required to restore potential creatures of the forest.We examined distributional patterns of tree seedlings and wood mice under different canopy conditions in a natural forest. Some species showed uneven distributional patterns between within gaps and under closed canopy. Factors affecting changes in plant species diversity were also investigated. We performed some experimental studies to test the effects of artificially creating canopy gaps of different sizes on plant species diversity in a temperate deciduous broad-leaved secondary forest. The artificially creating canopy gaps contributed to the number of emerged species and species richness at the stage of seedling emergence. A pre-harvest method was proposed for predicting understory light levels before creating artificial gaps and was verified to mixed broad - leaved forest.

林隙是森林冠层中的开口，它经常引起称为林隙更新或林隙动态的动态现象。天然林的异质结构，包括林隙，也为动植物物种提供了多样的生境。然而，大多数次生林，主要是作为生产木炭或木柴的矮林来管理的，失去了其结构的异质性。在皆伐后的几十年内，这些矮林的结构还没有向异质化发展，而是向同质化发展。因此，需要进行创建异质结构的管理来恢复森林中的潜在生物。我们研究了天然森林中不同树冠条件下树苗和木鼠的分布格局。有些树种在林隙内和郁闭林下的分布格局不均匀。影响植物物种多样性变化的因素也进行了调查。在温带落叶阔叶次生林中，人工营造不同大小的林窗对植物物种多样性的影响进行了试验研究。人工营造林隙有助于提高出苗期的物种数和物种丰富度。提出了人工林隙建立前林下光照水平的预测方法，并在阔叶混交林中进行了验证。