Forest management system with artificial canopy gaps in coppice forest, special reference to species diversity.

林隙是森林冠层中的开口，它经常引起称为林隙更新或林隙动态的动态现象。天然林的异质结构，包括林隙，也为动植物物种提供了多样的生境。然而，大多数次生林，主要是作为生产木炭或木柴的矮林来管理的，失去了其结构的异质性。在皆伐后的几十年内，这些矮林的结构还没有向异质化发展，而是向同质化发展。因此，管理，创造异质结构，需要恢复潜在的生物forest.We调查了分布格局的树苗和木鼠在不同的冠层条件下的天然林。有些树种在林隙内和郁闭林下的分布格局不均匀。影响植物物种多样性变化的因素也进行了调查。在温带落叶阔叶次生林中，人工营造不同大小的林窗对植物物种多样性的影响进行了试验研究。人工营造林隙有助于提高出苗期的物种数和物种丰富度。提出了人工林隙建立前林下光照水平的预测方法，并在阔叶混交林中进行了验证。

Gaps are openings created in a forest canopy, which often induce dynamic phenomena known as gap regeneration or gap dynamics. Heterogeneous structure including some gaps in natura1 forest also provide diverse habitats for plant and animal species. However most secondary forests, which had been mainly managed as coppice forests for yielding charcoal of firewood, loss their structural heterogeneity. Structure of those coppice forests have not developed yet to heterogeneous but to homogenous ones within several decades after clear-cuttings. Management for creating heterogeneous structure is therefore required to restore potential creatures of the forest.We examined distributional patterns of tree seedlings and wood mice under different canopy conditions in a natural forest. Some species showed uneven distributional patterns between within gaps and under closed canopy. Factors affecting changes in plant species diversity were also investigated. We performed some experimental studies to test the effects of artificially creating canopy gaps of different sizes on plant species diversity in a temperate deciduous broad-leaved secondary forest. The artificially creating canopy gaps contributed to the number of emerged species and species richness at the stage of seedling emergence. A pre-harvest method was proposed for predicting understory light levels before creating artificial gaps and was verified to mixed broad - leaved forest.