Past and Present of the Roma in the Czech Republic as an Ethnic Minority

罗姆人是一个没有文字记载的民族，因此，关于罗姆人的文献中充满了对非罗姆人的偏见和误解。捷克共和国的罗姆人也是如此。罗马人似乎在13或14世纪到达了今天的捷克共和国。迫害的历史始于16世纪，统治者试图驱逐罗姆人。18世纪下半叶，皇帝们试图同化罗姆人，让他们定居下来。第一次世界大战后，政府采取了“依法控制游牧”的政策。第二次世界大战期间，纳粹德国试图灭绝罗姆人。共产党采取了同化和定居的政策，今天的政府正试图创造罗姆人和非罗姆人的共存。如今，捷克共和国的罗马人谈论并书写着自己的历史。收集有关大屠杀口述历史的项目始于20世纪80年代。口述历史是非常重要的历史资料，因为缺乏书面文件。B. Daniel和J. Horvathova是罗马血统的历史学家。后者是罗姆文化博物馆的馆长。博物馆的许多工作人员都是罗姆人。目前正在捷克共和国开展有关罗姆人的各种项目。2004年，罗姆人教育非罗姆人的项目在互联网上启动。由于非罗姆人对罗姆人的偏见和攻击仍然存在，因此对两者的教育对于共存是非常重要的。此外，NPO于2002年开设了罗马商店，市民和游客接触罗马文化的机会增加了。人们对既演奏传统音乐又演奏当代音乐的罗姆音乐家的兴趣也在增加。

Roma is an ethnic group who doesn't have the written documents, therefore, the documents concerning about Roma are full of prejudices and misunderstandings of non-Roma. This is the case of Roma in the Czech Republic, too.Roma seemed to reach today's Czech Republic in 13th or 14th century. The history of the persecution began in the 16th century, the rulers tried to banish Roma. The emperors tried to assimilate Roma and make them settle down in the latter half of the 18th century. After the World War I, the government took"Controlled nomad policy by the law. During the World War II, The Nazi Germany tried to exterminate Roma. The Communists took the policy of assimilation and settlement and the today's government is trying to create co-existence of Roma and non-Roma.Nowadays Roma in the Czech Republic talks and writes it's own history. Projects to collect oral histories concerning about Holocaust started in 1980's. Oral histories are very important historical materials, because of the lack of the written documents. B. Daniel and J. Horvathova are historians of Roma origin. The latter is the president of the Museum of the Romani Culture. Many workers of the Museum are Roma.Various projects concerning about Roma in the Czech Republic are carried out now. The education program about Roma to enlighten non-Roma started in 2004 on the Internet. Because the prejudice and the attack to Roma from non-Roma still exist, the education for the both is very important for the co-existence. Additionally, the Roma shop by the NPO was opened in 2002, and the chances that the citizens and the tourists can touch the Roma culture have increased. The Interests on the Roma musicians who perform not only the traditional music but also contemporary music increase, too.