Past and Present of the Roma in the Czech Republic as an Ethnic Minority

罗姆人是一个没有文字记载的民族，因此，有关罗姆人的文献中充斥着对非罗姆人的偏见和误解。捷克共和国的罗马人也是如此。罗马人似乎在13世纪或14世纪到达了今天的捷克共和国。迫害的历史始于16世纪，尺子人试图驱逐罗马人。18世纪后半叶，皇帝们试图同化罗马人，让他们定居下来。第一次世界大战后，政府采取了“依法管控游牧政策”。第二次世界大战期间，纳粹德国试图消灭罗姆人。共产党人采取同化和定居的政策，今天的政府试图创造吉普赛人和非吉普赛人的共存。现在捷克的吉普赛人谈论和书写自己的历史。有关大屠杀的口述史料收集工程始于20世纪80年代的S。由于文字资料的缺乏，口述史料是非常重要的史料。丹尼尔和霍瓦托娃是罗马血统的历史学家。后者是吉普赛文化博物馆的馆长。博物馆的许多工作人员都是罗姆人。现在正在开展关于捷克共和国罗姆的各种项目。2004年在互联网上启动了关于罗姆人的教育方案，以启迪非罗姆人。由于非吉普赛人对吉普赛人的偏见和攻击依然存在，因此对两者的教育对于吉普赛人的共存至关重要。此外，非政府组织的罗姆商店于2002年开业，市民和游客接触罗姆文化的机会增加了。人们对罗姆音乐家的兴趣也增加了，他们不仅演奏传统音乐，也演奏当代音乐。

Roma is an ethnic group who doesn't have the written documents, therefore, the documents concerning about Roma are full of prejudices and misunderstandings of non-Roma. This is the case of Roma in the Czech Republic, too.Roma seemed to reach today's Czech Republic in 13th or 14th century. The history of the persecution began in the 16th century, the rulers tried to banish Roma. The emperors tried to assimilate Roma and make them settle down in the latter half of the 18th century. After the World War I, the government took"Controlled nomad policy by the law. During the World War II, The Nazi Germany tried to exterminate Roma. The Communists took the policy of assimilation and settlement and the today's government is trying to create co-existence of Roma and non-Roma.Nowadays Roma in the Czech Republic talks and writes it's own history. Projects to collect oral histories concerning about Holocaust started in 1980's. Oral histories are very important historical materials, because of the lack of the written documents. B. Daniel and J. Horvathova are historians of Roma origin. The latter is the president of the Museum of the Romani Culture. Many workers of the Museum are Roma.Various projects concerning about Roma in the Czech Republic are carried out now. The education program about Roma to enlighten non-Roma started in 2004 on the Internet. Because the prejudice and the attack to Roma from non-Roma still exist, the education for the both is very important for the co-existence. Additionally, the Roma shop by the NPO was opened in 2002, and the chances that the citizens and the tourists can touch the Roma culture have increased. The Interests on the Roma musicians who perform not only the traditional music but also contemporary music increase, too.