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Contrastive Studies on Relative Clause Constructions in Polynesian Languages

波利尼西亚语言关系从句结构的对比研究

基本信息

批准号：
15520239
负责人：
SHIONOYA Toru
金额：
$ 0.9万
依托单位：
Muroran Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1.This research project showed what kinds of relative clause constructions were found in 14 Polynesian languages (Cook Island Maori, Easter Island language, Hawaiian, Luangiuan, Maori, Marquesan, Pileni, Rennellese/Bellonese, Samoan, Tahitian, Tokelauan, Tongan, Tavaluan, West-Futuna-Aniwan).2.Relative clause constructions found in Polynesian languages can be classified into 7 types (the gap type, the personal pronoun type, the anaphoric particle type, relative clause constructions with a possessive subject, relative clause constructions without a head noun, the postposed demonstrative type, and the actor emphatic type). Moreover, they can be classified into two categories (relative clause constructions formed from a verbal predicate and relative clause constructions formed from a nominal predicate).3.Some types of relative clause constructions are found in most Polynesian languages, while others are found only in a few Polynesian languages. For example, the gap type can be found in many languages all over Polynesia, while the actor emphatic type can be found only in a few languages spoken in Eastern Polynesia.4.In most types of Polynesian relative clause constructions, there is no element which is unique to relative clause constructions. Therefore, we cannot decide whether a certain structure is a relative clause construction or not without looking at the whole sentence. However, the combination <ARTICLE + TENSE ASPECT MARKER> found in relative clause constructions without a head noun is unique to relative clause constructions.

1.本研究发现在14种波利尼西亚语言(库克岛毛利语、复活节岛语、夏威夷语、乱安语、毛利语、马克桑语、皮莱尼语、伦内尔语/贝隆语、萨摩亚语、塔希提语、托克劳语、汤安语、塔瓦卢语、西富图纳-阿尼万语)中发现了什么样的关系从句。此外，关系从句可以分为两类(由动词性谓词构成的关系从句和由名词性谓词构成的关系从句)。3.关系从句的某些类型存在于大多数波利尼西亚语言中，而另一些类型仅存在于少数波利尼西亚语言中。例如，Gap类型可以在波利尼西亚各地的许多语言中找到，而施动者强调类型只能在东波利尼西亚的几种语言中找到。4.在大多数类型的波利尼西亚关系从句中，没有关系从句所特有的成分。因此，我们不能不看整个句子来判断某个结构是不是关系从句。但是，不带中心名词的关系从句中的<冠词>组合是关系从句所特有的。