A Preliminary Study on the Routes of Diffusion of Islam and Its Legends

伊斯兰教的传播和扩张是一种现象，不仅应被视为宗教问题，而且应被视为文明问题。为了理解这一现象，这个研究项目的目的是调查它经历了什么地方，在那里遇到了什么，这应该是理解所谓伊斯兰化和伊斯兰化的第一步。内陆航线调查领域选择阿富汗，海上航线调查领域选择南印度和斯里兰卡。至于阿富汗，已经澄清了，穆斯林在7世纪和8世纪遇到的人是哈拉杰血统的土耳其人。他们不仅在近两个世纪的时间里阻止了穆斯林的进一步发展，而且在该地区被穆斯林征服后仍然活跃。此外，他们还参加了12世纪穆斯林对北印度的第二波征服。另一方面，2004年底的意外灾害中断了对海上航线的研究。此后，研究转向对文学来源的调查。因此，通过比较斯里兰卡和南印度关于伊斯兰教首次传入的两个传说，可以揭示斯里兰卡和南印度穆斯林社会的一些有趣特征。这些都应该与印度海上贸易的变迁联系起来，并与东南亚或中国等其他地方的类似故事进行进一步的比较研究。

The diffusion and expansion of Islam was a phenomenon which should be considered not only as a matter of religion but also that of civilization. To attain a comprehension of this phenomenon, this research project has been aimed to investigate what place it had gone through and what it encountered there, which is supposed to be the first step for understanding the so-called Islamization and Islamication. Afghanistan was chosen for the field of inland route survey, while South India and Sri Lanka were for maritime route survey. As for Afghanistan, it has been clarified that the people whom Muslim encountered in the 7th and 8th centuries were Turks of Khalaj origin. They not only prevented further advance of Muslims for nearly two centuries, but also had been active even after the area was conquered by Muslims. Moreover they took part in a second wave of Muslim conquest of Northern India in the 12th century. On the other hand, the research of maritime route had been interrupted by unexpected disaster in the end of 2004. Thereafter research has shifted to the survey of literary sources. As a result, some interesting features in the Muslim societies in Sri Lanka and South India could be illuminated through the comparison of two legends in Sri Lanka and South India concerning the first coming of Islam there. These should be connected with the vicissitudes of Indian Maritime Trade and casted into further comparative study with the similar stories in other places such as Southeast Asia or China.