Research on the Duplicating of the by Copyright Infringement caused Damages in Historical, Hermeneutical and Legislative Aspect

在日本，对侵害者赔偿2倍或3倍的意见虽然已经多次提出，而且最近在发生侵害著作权的情况下，在文化委员会著作权分会会议上也进行了讨论，但以现行《民法典》中以违法行为为基础的赔偿制度的基本原则或理念存在矛盾为由，未能被引入。所谓“民事责任刑事责任泾渭分明理论”就是这一理论基础之一。然而，近十年来，以德国赔偿法或日本著作权法为样本的司法判例发生了变化，民事责任刑事责任泾渭分明的理论被抛弃。文化协议会著作权分会会议，虽然似乎没有对著作权法中是否引入双倍补偿或三倍补偿的讨论明确表示，但有一个前提，即“内阁法制局即使提出双倍补偿或三倍补偿的引入，也不会接受”。因此，本研究考虑了在民法典中引入双重赔偿制度或三次赔偿制度的可能性，民法典是财产的工业法，如著作权法或其他法律，如专利法、反垄断法、产品责任法、消费者保护法、污染法或一般民法。

In Japan, although the opinion of making a trespasser compensate the twice of the amount of damage or three times is not only already raised several times, but was deliberated by the cultural council copyright sectional meeting recently when there was infringement of copyright, introduction was denied by the basis of being conflicting at the basic principle or idea of the reparations system based on the illegal act on present Civil Code. The so-called "civil-affairs responsibility criminal liability sharp-distinction theory" is one of this theoretical basis. However, by the German method which a reparations method or the Copyright Act of Japan used as the sample, in the past ten years, the judicial precedent was changed and the civil-affairs responsibility criminal liability sharp-distinction theory was abandoned.By the cultural council copyright sectional meeting, although it seems that it is not clearly displayed by deliberations of whether to introduce double compensation or three times compensatory introduction into the Copyright Act, there is a premise "the Cabinet Legislation Bureau will not accept it even if this sectional meeting submits introduction of double compensation or three times compensation." So, this research considered a possibility of introducing a double compensatory system or a three times compensatory system into Civil Code which is the industrial law of property, such as the Copyright Act or other laws, for example, Patent law, Antimonopoly Law, the Product Liability Law, Consumer Protection Law, Pollution or general Civil law.