Research on the Duplicating of the by Copyright Infringement caused Damages in Historical, Hermeneutical and Legislative Aspect

在日本，虽然在著作权发生侵权时，对侵权者赔偿损害金额的2倍或3倍的意见不仅已多次提出，而且在最近的文化理事会著作权部门会议上也进行了审议，但由于与现行民法典中基于违法行为的赔偿制度的基本原则或理念相冲突，因而被否定。所谓的“民事责任与刑事责任分明论”就是这一理论基础之一。然而，以德国的赔偿法或日本的著作权法为样本，近十年来，司法判例被改变，民事责任刑事责任的区分理论被放弃，由文化理事会著作权部门会议，虽然在对是否引入双倍赔偿或三倍赔偿的讨论中似乎没有明确地表现出来，《著作权法》中有一个前提，即“即使本部门会议提出引入双倍赔偿或三倍赔偿，内阁法制局也不会接受”。“因此，本研究考虑了在民法典中引入双重赔偿制度或三倍赔偿制度的可能性，民法典是财产的工业法，如版权法或其他法律，如专利法，反垄断法，产品责任法，消费者保护法，污染或一般民法。

In Japan, although the opinion of making a trespasser compensate the twice of the amount of damage or three times is not only already raised several times, but was deliberated by the cultural council copyright sectional meeting recently when there was infringement of copyright, introduction was denied by the basis of being conflicting at the basic principle or idea of the reparations system based on the illegal act on present Civil Code. The so-called "civil-affairs responsibility criminal liability sharp-distinction theory" is one of this theoretical basis. However, by the German method which a reparations method or the Copyright Act of Japan used as the sample, in the past ten years, the judicial precedent was changed and the civil-affairs responsibility criminal liability sharp-distinction theory was abandoned.By the cultural council copyright sectional meeting, although it seems that it is not clearly displayed by deliberations of whether to introduce double compensation or three times compensatory introduction into the Copyright Act, there is a premise "the Cabinet Legislation Bureau will not accept it even if this sectional meeting submits introduction of double compensation or three times compensation." So, this research considered a possibility of introducing a double compensatory system or a three times compensatory system into Civil Code which is the industrial law of property, such as the Copyright Act or other laws, for example, Patent law, Antimonopoly Law, the Product Liability Law, Consumer Protection Law, Pollution or general Civil law.