Roles of Women in the Economic Development - Generalising Theoretical Models and the Second Survey on Asset Building by SEWA Members

在由日本学术振兴会和日本文部科学省2001-2002财政年度探索性研究补助金资助的研究项目中，我建立了一些经济发展的理论模型：性别、金融机构和固定资产二元增长模型。这次，我利用2003-2004财政年度的研究基金，写了五篇文章作为该研究项目的成果。其中两个是SEWA（印度自营职业妇女协会）成员对2001-2002年进行的资产建设实地调查研究的统计分析。此外，还对成本概念、社交网络和人口动态等相关主题进行了研究，并发表了由此产生的论文和笔记。首先，成本概念从企业概念推广到全社会成本概念。因此，即使对于联合生产的模型，我们现在也可以计算每种商品的成本。接下来，在社交网络的研究中，连通性的概念在长期分析的背景下得到了扩展。重新定义了社交网络“脆弱性”的概念，并针对具体的数值例子进行了实际计算。第三，对于种群动态，利用矩阵公式，以基本且简单的方式证明了Leslie模型的动态稳定性。现在，我的下一个任务就是将这些要素纳入正在构建的发展模式中。为了让SEWA在对发展中国家减贫感兴趣的研究人员和学生中更广泛地被了解，我在三所大学组织了SEWA工作人员的研讨会演讲。每篇论文的更详细解释在我的研究成果报告的第2节中，SEWA研讨会演讲的详细解释在报告的第3节中。

In the research project funded by the Grant-in-Aid for Exploratory Research of the fiscal years of 2001-2002, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science and Japanese Ministry of Education, I built up some theoretical models of economic development : a model of growth with duality in sexes, financial institutions, and fixed assets. This time, with the research fund for the fiscal years 2003-2004, I wrote five articles as outcomes of this research project. Two of them are the statistical analyses of the field survey research on asset building by SEWA (Self Employed Women's Association, India) members, which survey was carried out in 2001-2002. Furthermore, related subjects such as the concept of cost, social networks, and population dynamics were investigated, and the resulting papers and notes were published. First, the concept of cost was generalized from the concept for firms to that for the whole society. Thus, we can now calculate the cost of each commodity even for models with joint production. Next, in the study of social network, the concept of connectivity is extended in the context of long-run analysis. The concept of"fragility"of social networks was newly defined, and it was actually computed for a concrete numerical example. Third, for the population dynamics, dynamic stability of Leslie model was proved in an elementary and simple way, using a matrix formulation. Now, it is my next task to incorporate these elements in the models of development under construction.To make SEWA more widely known among researchers and students, who are interested in poverty alleviation of developing countries, I organized seminar talks by the staff of SEWA in three universities.More detailed explanation of each paper is given in Section 2 of my Report on Research Results, and that of SEWA seminar talks is in Section 3 of the Report.