Roles of Women in the Economic Development - Generalising Theoretical Models and the Second Survey on Asset Building by SEWA Members

在2001-2002年度的探索性研究补助金、日本科学振兴会和文部省的研究项目中，我建立了经济发展的理论模型：性别、金融机构和固定资产的二元增长模型。这次，我利用2003-2004年度的研究基金，撰写了五篇论文作为本研究项目的成果。其中两项是对印度自营职业妇女协会成员在2001-2002年进行的资产积累实地调查研究的统计分析。此外，还对成本概念、社交网络和人口动态等相关主题进行了调查，并发表了由此产生的论文和说明。首先，将成本概念从企业成本概念推广到全社会成本概念。因此，我们现在可以计算每种商品的成本，即使是联合生产的模型。其次，在社会网络的研究中，连通性的概念在长期分析的背景下得到了扩展。对社交网络的“脆弱性“进行了新的定义，并对具体的数值例子进行了计算。第三，在种群动力学方面，利用矩阵形式，初步而简单地证明了Leslie模型的动力学稳定性。现在，我的下一个任务是将这些元素纳入正在构建的发展模型中。为了让对发展中国家扶贫感兴趣的研究人员和学生更广泛地了解SEWA，我在三所大学组织了SEWA工作人员的研讨会。每篇论文的详细说明见我的研究结果报告的第2节，关于SEWA研讨会会谈的报告见本报告第3节。

In the research project funded by the Grant-in-Aid for Exploratory Research of the fiscal years of 2001-2002, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science and Japanese Ministry of Education, I built up some theoretical models of economic development : a model of growth with duality in sexes, financial institutions, and fixed assets. This time, with the research fund for the fiscal years 2003-2004, I wrote five articles as outcomes of this research project. Two of them are the statistical analyses of the field survey research on asset building by SEWA (Self Employed Women's Association, India) members, which survey was carried out in 2001-2002. Furthermore, related subjects such as the concept of cost, social networks, and population dynamics were investigated, and the resulting papers and notes were published. First, the concept of cost was generalized from the concept for firms to that for the whole society. Thus, we can now calculate the cost of each commodity even for models with joint production. Next, in the study of social network, the concept of connectivity is extended in the context of long-run analysis. The concept of"fragility"of social networks was newly defined, and it was actually computed for a concrete numerical example. Third, for the population dynamics, dynamic stability of Leslie model was proved in an elementary and simple way, using a matrix formulation. Now, it is my next task to incorporate these elements in the models of development under construction.To make SEWA more widely known among researchers and students, who are interested in poverty alleviation of developing countries, I organized seminar talks by the staff of SEWA in three universities.More detailed explanation of each paper is given in Section 2 of my Report on Research Results, and that of SEWA seminar talks is in Section 3 of the Report.