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An Empirical Research on Ethnographic Methodology in the Social Sciences

社会科学民族志方法论的实证研究

基本信息

批准号：
15530320
负责人：
SATO Ikuya
金额：
$ 2.18万
依托单位：
Hitotsubashi University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

We have examined the state of the art of ethnographic methodology in the social sciences not only through the analysis of discourse on research methodology but also through interview and field observations. Our research has revealed that while there are some differences in ajor techniques employed in various disciplines, there are also many similarities.The following are four major findings of our research:1.Increasing importance of qualitative researchWe found that research centering on the analysis of meaning and structure of social action rather than variable-centered analysis has acquired importance across the disciplines of the social sciences. "Interpretive turn" is the driving force behind this change of trend.2.Increasing importance of textual data.The above-mentioned trend has to the increasing importance of qualitative data (especially, textual data) that cannot be reduced to mathematical figures.3.Development of QDA software.A variety of QDA software have been developed and widely used by qualitative researchers. Even double-byte characters including Japanese characters can be processed by such computer programs. We mad frequent contact with software houses in order to further improve the programs.4.Consideration for human subjects."Post colonial turn" has led to the increasing recognition of the importance of the rights of those who become research "subjects." This trend was first evident in anthropology and soon prevalent among other disciplines including sociology, psychology, and administrative sciences.

我们不仅通过对研究方法论的分析，还通过访谈和实地观察来审视社会科学中民族志方法论的最新水平。我们的研究表明，虽然不同学科所采用的主要技术存在一些差异，但也有许多相似之处。以下是我们研究的四个主要发现：1.定性研究的重要性日益增加我们发现，以社会行为的意义和结构分析为中心的研究，而不是以变量为中心的分析，在社会科学的各个学科中都变得越来越重要。 “解释转向”是这种趋势变化背后的驱动力。2.文本数据重要性的增加。上述趋势导致不能简化为数学数字的定性数据（特别是文本数据）的重要性日益增加。3.QDA软件的开发。各种QDA软件已经开发出来并被定性研究人员广泛使用。甚至包括日语字符在内的双字节字符也可以由这样的计算机程序处理。我们经常与软件公司联系，以进一步改进程序。4.对人类受试者的考虑。“后殖民转向”使人们越来越认识到成为研究“受试者”的权利的重要性。这种趋势首先在人类学中显现出来，并很快在社会学、心理学和管理科学等其他学科中盛行。