The Total Research of the Social Structure of the Villages in Mountain Area -Seeking for a Model in an age of underpopulation and ageing

这是一个个案研究的前独立村，这是在2004年成立，在山区岐阜县。本研究的目的是全面描述村庄的生活状况。然后，我们假设他们威胁要变得更糟，特别是通过合并。我们的研究方法是结构分析，这意味着三个方面的生活条件，社会，经济以及公共卫生护理和社会福利条件，同时进行调查。作为研究的结果，我们证实，通过勉强平衡这三个方面，村庄的总体生活条件得到了维持，这种平衡现在正在结构上发生变化，并通过合并加速。我们的结论是，旨在使那些村庄的生活条件现代化的山区那些村庄发展政策几乎已经完成了它们的作用，或者说现在使它们恶化。从这一点出发，我们最后提出以下四点：（1）应通过改善总体生活条件重建每个家庭和社区的社区，（2）市政府应促进居民的活动，以发展和创造山区生活的价值，（3）应建立以人为本的企业，（4）在每一个原独立村庄保留市政府的总分支办事处，继续从事管理和协调当地社会的工作。

This is a case study of a former independent village, which was incorporated in 2004, in mountain area in Gifu Prefecture. The purpose of this study is to describe totally the living conditions of the village. Then we assumed that they threaten to get worse especially through the incorporation. Our research method is Structural Analysis, which means that three aspects of the living conditions, social, economic as well as public health nursing and social welfare conditions, are simultaneously investigated. As a result of the research we confirmed that the total living conditions of the village have been maintained through the barely balancing of the three aspects, and this balance is now structurally changing accelerated by the incorporation. We concluded that the development policies for the villages in mountain area, which intend to modernize the living conditions of the villages, have almost finished their role, or rather nowadays deteriorate them. From this point of view we suggested finally the following four points : 1)communalities in each family and community should be reconstructed through the improvement of the total living conditions, 2)municipal government should promote the activities of inhabitants, which aim at developing and creating the values of mountain life, 3)the human scale enterprises should be founded, and 4)the general branch offices of the municipality in each former independent village should be maintained, which are engaged continuously in managing and coordinating the local society.