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Revitalization of community by residents' activity for education and regional medicine

通过居民的教育和地区医学活动实现社区的活力

基本信息

批准号：
15530328
负责人：
SUGIMAN Toshio
金额：
$ 1.98万
依托单位：
Kyoto University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Possibility of revitalization of a community through activities of residents for education and regional medicine was investigated by action-research in which both people in a research site and researchers were involved in collaborative practice to produce a new example. It was also examined how traditional educational and medical institution that was characterized by dependence on a closed occupational organization like a school or a clinic could be transformed to a new institution in which residents' participation constitutes an integral part, using activity theory proposed by Y.Engestrom.A group of residents in Neyagawa city, Osaka, Japan, who have provided elementary school children with education on every Saturday on which there has been no school since 2002 was focused on as a practice for educational activity by residents while a local community named Onogo in Kyoto city, Japan, in which it has been attempted by residents to establish and run a medical clinic was focused on as an activity for regional medicine by residents. From the former, it was indicated that the activity there, that was characterized by adherence to a school as a place for the activity in spite of availability of other facilities, challenged a current exclusive nature of school and also provided an opportunity to restore educational function among people in a community. From the latter, it was suggested that an idea of `a clinic established and run by residents' was hardly intelligible due to a widely spread notion that medical service which a doctor provides for a patient (or a resident), who trusts the doctor and follows his/her instructions, taking physical and psychological needs of the patient into consideration is a good practice even if the two is not on an equal footing.

通过行动研究探讨了通过居民的教育和区域医疗活动振兴社区的可能性，在行动研究中，研究地点的人和研究人员都参与了合作实践，以产生新的范例。利用Y.Engestrom提出的活动理论，研究了如何将依赖于学校或诊所等封闭职业组织的传统教育和医疗机构转变为以居民参与为组成部分的新机构。日本大阪内谷川市一群自2002年以来一直没有学校的居民每周六为小学生提供教育，作为居民教育活动的一种实践，而日本京都一个名为Onogo的当地社区，居民曾试图建立和经营一家医疗诊所，居民将其作为一项区域医疗活动加以重点关注。从前者可以看出，那里的活动的特点是，尽管有其他设施，但仍坚持将学校作为活动的场所，这挑战了学校目前的排他性，也提供了恢复社区中人的教育功能的机会。从后者看来，由于一种广为流传的观念，即医生为信任医生并听从医生指示的病人(或居民)提供的医疗服务，考虑到病人的身体和心理需求是一种良好的做法，因此很难理解“由居民建立和经营诊所”的概念。