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Environmental Sociology on Victimizers-Victims Relationships about Problem of Itai-itai Disease and Cadmium poisoning

痛痛病与镉中毒问题受害人与受害人关系的环境社会学

基本信息

批准号：
15530330
负责人：
WATANABE Shinichi
金额：
$ 1.47万
依托单位：
The National University Corporation Nara University of Education
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Environmental cadmium pollution causes cadmium poisoning. The first cadmium-polluted area ever discovered in the world was the Jinzu River basin in Toyama Prefecture in Japan. In this area, the river was contaminated by slag from a mine and the soil of the rice paddies was polluted with heavy metals through irrigation water.Consequently, prolonged exposure to cadmium due to contaminated water and rice resulted in an excessive accumulation of cadmium in the body tissues, especially in the kidney, in the inhabitants of the basin.The most severe case of cadmium poisoning is Itai-itai disease(osteomalacia), which was officially recognized as a pollution-related disease by the Japanese government in 1968, and a less severe case is Cadmium nephropathy (tubular kidney dysfunction). In other words, the occurrence of Itai-itai disease is only the "tip of the iceberg". The tubular kidney dysfunction is the earliest and most prevalent adverse result of chronic cadmium poisoning. The Japan Public Health Association Cadmium Research Committee, supported by the Environmental Agency, carried out health surveys in cadmium-polluted areas of 8 prefectures during the period of 1976-1984 and reported that many cases of tubular kidney dysfunction were found not only in Toyama but also in Ishikawa, Hyogo and Nagasaki prefectures. However, the Environmental Agency and the research committee have never certified this kidney dysfunction as a pollution-related disease. We considered why this situation has arisen in the case of cadmium poisoning.Another main theme of this study is to describe the history of damages and struggle around cadmium pollution in Ichi River Basin in Hyogo Prefecture and Kakehasi River Basin in Ishikawa Prefecture, based on interviews with patients, families of patients and other agents from the viewpoint of environmental sociology.

环境镉污染引起镉中毒。世界上发现的第一个镉污染区是日本富山县的金祖河流域。在该地区，河流受到矿山矿渣的污染，稻田土壤通过灌溉水受到重金属的污染。因此，由于污染的水和大米长期暴露于镉，导致该流域居民体内组织中镉的过量积累，特别是肾脏。最严重的镉中毒病例是Itai-itai病（骨软化症），其在1968年被日本政府正式确认为污染相关疾病，并且不太严重的情况是镉肾病（肾小管性肾功能障碍）。也就是说，发生的“二次发病”只是“冰山一角”。肾小管功能障碍是慢性镉中毒最早和最常见的不良反应。日本公共卫生协会镉研究委员会在环境厅的支持下，于1976-1984年期间在8个都道府县的镉污染地区进行了健康调查，并报告说，不仅在富山，而且在石川、兵库和长崎县也发现了许多肾小管肾功能障碍病例。然而，环境署和研究委员会从未证明这种肾功能障碍是一种与污染有关的疾病。本研究的另一个主题是，从环境社会学的观点出发，通过对患者、患者家属等的访谈，对兵库县的一川流域和石川县的挂桥流域的镉污染损害和斗争的历史进行描述。