Effects of personality, cognition, affection, attitude, and information on inappropriate behaviors

人格、认知、情感、态度和信息对不当行为的影响

• 批准号: 15530398
• 负责人: UEICHI Hideo
• 金额: $ 2.05万
• 依托单位: University of Tsukuba
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2003 至 2006
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15530398/
• 关键词: decision-making; life risks; risk perception; regret; structural equation modeling; 意思決定スタイル; ストレス; 時系列変化; ストレス対処; コミュニケーション; 集団生活; Five Factor Model; 情動; 逸脱行動; 規範意識; 情報呈示; 著作権; コピーコントロールCD; 意思決定; リスク行動; クリティカルシンキング

The purpose of this study was to examine : 1) the effects of decision-making style (intuitive I deliberate), access to mass media (newspapers, newscasts, and infotainment), cognitive factors (perceived cost and benefit, life-risk perception, moral sense, and risk controllability), affection (anticipated regret), and attitude (facilitatory and inhibitory factors) on avoidance behavior in three life-risk situations (lifestyle-related diseases, NEET, and multiple consumer loans) ; 2) the effects of personality (Five Factor Model : extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness, and neuroticism) on cognitive factors, stress coping, and behavior in an enclosed environment (boat training camp for a month) ; and 3) the effects of information on changes in cognitive factors and behavior in two situations (smoking and illegal copying of music CDs). Results illustrated that : 1) two processes were involved in avoidance behavior of life risks : (1a) perceived cost and benefit (cognitive … More factor) affected avoidance behavior mediated by attitude in the three life-risk situations investigated, and (1b) moral sense, life risk perception, (cognitive factors) and decision-making style affected avoidance behavior mediated by affection and attitude in two of the situations investigated (NEET and multiple consumer loans) ; 2) individuals with high extroversion, agreeableness, or conscientiousness could properly cope with stress and did not behave inappropriately (for example, take out their frustration on others or drop out of training camp) ; and 3) it was important to present the appropriate information to individuals expressing inappropriate behavior in order to change their cognitions about socially-inappropriate behavior : for example, (3a) by comparing individuals shown a Canadian packet of cigarettes bearing an extreme cautionary statement with individuals shown a Japanese packet of cigarettes bearing a simple cautionary statement, those shown the Canadian package with the more extreme cautionary statement thought more strongly that they could quit smoking cigarettes than those shown the Japanese package, and (3b) After being shown positive information regarding the copy control of CDs, individuals with high moral sense felt more strongly about the need to maintain musical copyrights than those with low moral sense. These results suggest that, in order to change an individual's inappropriate behavior, it is necessary to : 1) present the appropriate information, with consideration to individual differences, and 2) encourage deliberate decision-making. Less

本研究的目的是审查：（1）决策风格的影响（直觉我深思熟虑），接触大众媒体（报纸，新闻广播和信息娱乐），认知因素（感知成本和收益，生命风险感知，道德感和风险可控性），情感（预期遗憾）和态度（促进和抑制因素）对三种生命危险情况下回避行为的影响（生活方式相关疾病、NEET和多重消费贷款）; 2）人格的影响（五因素模型：外向性、宜人性、外向性、开放性和神经质）对认知因素的影响，压力应对，和行为在一个封闭的环境（船训练营一个月）;和3）的影响，在两种情况下（吸烟和非法复制的音乐CD）的认知因素和行为的变化的信息。结果表明：1）生命风险规避行为涉及两个过程：（1）感知成本和收益（认知 ...更多信息 因素）影响回避行为的态度介导的三个生命风险的情况下，和（1b）道德感，生命风险知觉，（认知因素）和决策风格影响回避行为的调解，情感和态度的情况下，调查（NEET和多重消费贷款）; 2）外向性、宜人性和外向性高的个体能够很好地科普压力，不会表现出不恰当的行为。（例如，把他们的挫折感发泄在别人身上或退出训练营）; 3）向表达不当行为的个人提供适当的信息以改变他们对社交不当行为的认知是很重要的：例如，（3a）通过比较被出示带有极端警告声明的加拿大香烟包装的个体和被出示带有简单警告声明的日本香烟包装的个体，被出示带有更极端警告声明的加拿大包装的个体比被出示日本包装的个体更强烈地认为他们可以戒烟，（3b）在被告知有关CD复制控制的积极信息后，道德感高的人比道德感低的人更强烈地感到需要维护音乐版权。这些结果表明，为了改变个人的不适当行为，有必要：1）提供适当的信息，考虑到个体差异，2）鼓励深思熟虑的决策。少