An Exploration of the Psychological Factors Affecting Expressions of Intercultural Tolerance among University Instructors in Japan and United States.

影响日本和美国大学教师跨文化宽容表达的心理因素探讨。

• 批准号: 15530420
• 负责人: NIIKURA Ryoko
• 金额: $ 1.41万
• 依托单位: Chiba University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2003 至 2005
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15530420/
• 关键词: intercultural tolerance; stances on intercultural appreciation; beliefs; interpersonal affects; interpersonal motivations; 日米大学教員; 異文化間対人葛藤

For university instructors, acceptance of students from other countries representing a diversity of cultural backgrounds has become a requirement of their profession. The study aims at investigation of intercultural tolerance among university instructors in Japan and in the United States.Focusing on "intercultural tolerance" as one of the prerequisites for multicultural coexistence, this study examined the psychological aspects of how latent intolerance in the human psyche toward other cultures is overcome and other cultures are accepted, and tentatively put forward a process model of expression of intercultural tolerance.I began by reviewing previous findings in the literature on the concept of "intercultural tolerance" and defined the concepts used in the study. I next sought out the psychological factors thought to affect intercultural tolerance according to the psychological literature and, based on these factors, tentatively proposed a process model of the expression of intercultural tolerance.Identifying three psychological factors・1) the cognitive assessments employed in choosing coping strategies when stressful events are encountered, (2) interpersonal affects (feelings toward specific individuals) and the interpersonal motivations affecting them, and (3) the beliefs, or modes of thought, held when a person experiences feelings or engages in behavior-I then explored the versatility of these factors when examining the factors affecting expressions of intercultural tolerance.

对于大学教师来说，接受来自其他国家代表不同文化背景的学生已成为其职业的一项要求。本研究以日美两国大学教师的跨文化宽容为对象，以“跨文化宽容”作为多元文化共存的前提之一为中心，从心理学的角度探讨了如何克服人类心理中对其他文化潜在的不宽容，接受其他文化，本文首先回顾了以往文献中关于“跨文化宽容”概念的研究成果，并对本文所使用的概念进行了界定。其次，笔者根据心理学文献，找出了影响跨文化宽容的心理因素，并在此基础上尝试性地提出了跨文化宽容表达的过程模型，确定了三个心理因素：（1）在遇到压力事件时选择应对策略时所采用的认知评估，（2）人际关系（对特定个体的感情）和影响他们的人际动机，以及（3）信念，或思维模式，当一个人经历感情或从事行为时，我就探讨了这些因素的多功能性，当检查影响跨文化宽容表达的因素时。