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Ecological and genetic characteristics of sulfonylurea-resistant Monochoria vagina us, a paddy weed

水稻杂草抗磺酰脲类鸭舌草的生态和遗传特性

基本信息

批准号：
15580015
负责人：
TOMINAGA Tohru
金额：
$ 2.43万
依托单位：
Kyoto University (2005)Kyoto Prefectural University (2003-2004)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Sulfonylurea (SU) herbicide is the most important herbicide used in paddy fields in Japan because of its broad spectrum of weed control activity and relatively low usage rates. A total of 12 SU-resistant biotypes of paddy weeds has been reported in Japan. Among them, Monochoria vaginalis is one of the most harmful paddy weeds. It is important to clarify the ecological fitness of SU-resistant biotypes of the weed, and the origin and spread of SU-resistant gene(s) for their control. The biomass and seed production of SU-resistant biotypes of M.vaginalis were compared with those of susceptible ones and clarified genetic variation of SU-resistant biotypes in Japan.To evaluate the resistance to bensulfuron-methyl, imazosulfuron and pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, elongation of new roots of nine populations under each herbicide treatment was measured. Zennoji, Kamitsuneyoshi, Maizuru, Kasai-B and Ushiku biotypes elongated new roots under the treatments, but Seika, Kameoka, Kamiseya and Kasai-A biotype … More s did not. The former five biotypes were SU-resistant and the latter four biotypes were SU-susceptible.Each seven plant of SU-susceptible and resistant biotypes was grown individually in a 1/10,000 a wagner pot. They were harvested in September, dried and weighed. Number of seeds per plant was counted. No differences were found in dry matter production and number of seeds produced per plant between SU-susceptible and resistant biotypes. Ecological fitness of SU-resistant biotypes seems not to be different from that of SU-susceptible biotypes.The genetic diversity within a population and relationship among populations were analyzed by RAPD(random amplified polymorphic DNA). There was no genetic variation among 20 individuals within each SU-resistant population of Zennoji, Kamitsuneyoshi, Maizuru, Kasai-B or Fukushima. In UPGMA tree based on simple matching coefficient, the SU-resistant populations were grouped into different clades. These results strongly suggest that SU-resistant biotypes originated independently. Less

磺酰脲类除草剂是日本水稻田最主要的除草剂，具有除草谱广、使用率低的特点。在日本已报道的水稻杂草抗SU生物型共有12种。其中，鸭舌草是危害最大的水稻杂草之一。因此，弄清抗SU杂草生物型的生态适应性，以及抗SU基因的起源和传播，对防除该类杂草具有重要意义。比较了抗SU型与感SU型的生物量和种子产量，阐明了日本抗SU型的遗传变异，并测定了9个居群在不同除草剂处理下的新根伸长量，以评价其对苄嘧磺隆、咪唑磺隆和乙嘧磺隆的抗性。全野寺、上津吉、舞鹤、葛西-B和牛久生物型在处理下伸长了新根，而精香、龟冈、神势和葛西-A生物型在处理下伸长了新根， ...更多信息 S没有。前5个生物型为抗SU型，后4个生物型为感SU型，每7株分别接种在1/10，000个瓦格纳盆中。它们在9月收获，干燥并称重。对每株植物的种子数进行计数。没有发现差异的干物质生产和每株生产的种子数之间的苏敏感和抗性生物型。利用RAPD技术分析了居群内的遗传多样性和居群间的亲缘关系。全野寺、上津吉、舞鹤、葛西B和福岛的抗SU群体内的20个个体之间没有遗传变异。在基于简单匹配系数的UPGMA树中，抗SU群体被划分为不同的分支。这些结果强烈表明，SU-抗性生物型起源独立。少