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Study on the sea-drift seed dispersal mechanism and the distribution characteristics of seashore plants growing on the banks of Osaka Bay

大阪湾沿岸海流种子传播机制及滨海植物分布特征研究

基本信息

批准号：
15580026
负责人：
KAMIHOGI Akiharu
金额：
$ 2.37万
依托单位：
Osaka Prefecture University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The objective of this study was to clarifying possible factors causing change in seashore plant species numbers, possible factors affecting plant zoning structure, and to analyze the sea-drift seed dispersal mechanism in order to ascertain the distribution characteristics particular to Osaka Bay and assist in finding the most effective way to preserve the plant life existing there.Field tests on sea-drift seed dispersion were conducted by using seeds of the Puncture Vine, a native plant now in danger of extinction. The seeds did not necessarily reach shore, but test results compiled within seed floatation limits indicated that dispersal patterns varied along coastal areas depending on a number of different physical conditions. Firstly, for natural, untouched beaches, the possibility of seeds being washed ashore was determined by the inclining angle of the beach at the water's edge to the bay current. Secondly, for coastlines comprising of artificial structures such as piers, those constructions hampered the seed dispersal by affecting the sea current. Thirdly, despite the low floating capability of puncture vine seeds, quite a few were dispersed by means of adhesion.Lastly, taking into consideration present distribution characteristics, environmental, human, and positional effects of the seashores, possible ways to protect and rejuvenate seashore plant life in Osaka Bay were examined. Beaches requiring immediate preservative action lie in the northern part of Awaji Island, the area ranging from Sennan to Hannan Cities, and the Kihoku region, a potential source of seed supply for the coastal areas facing Osaka Bay. Meanwhile, beaches such as those located in Suma, Hyogo and the Sennan region in Osaka Prefecture, are expected to retain the same plant life in the future. Coastal areas in need of some preservative action are on southern Awaji Island and in the Nishinomiya area, where both preservation and utilization of the beaches can be successfully incorporated.

本研究的目的是阐明引起海滨植物物种数量变化的可能因素、影响植物区带结构的可能因素，并分析海流种子传播机制，以确定大阪湾特有的分布特征，并协助寻找保护那里现有植物生命的最有效方法。利用目前濒临灭绝的本土植物穿刺藤的种子进行海流种子传播的田间试验。灭绝。种子不一定会到达海岸，但在种子漂浮限制内编制的测试结果表明，沿海地区的传播模式因许多不同的物理条件而异。首先，对于天然的、未受破坏的海滩，种子被冲上岸的可能性取决于水边海滩与湾流的倾斜角度。其次，对于由码头等人工建筑物组成的海岸线，这些建筑物通过影响海流阻碍了种子的传播。第三，尽管穿刺藤种子的漂浮能力较低，但相当多的种子通过粘附的方式分散。最后，考虑到海岸的现有分布特征、环境、人类和位置影响，研究了保护和复兴大阪湾海岸植物生命的可能方法。需要立即采取保护措施的海滩位于淡路岛北部、从泉南市到阪南市的地区以及纪北地区，该地区是面向大阪湾的沿海地区种子供应的潜在来源。与此同时，位于兵库县须磨市和大阪府泉南地区的海滩预计未来将保留同样的植物生命。需要采取一些保护措施的沿海地区是淡路岛南部和西宫地区，这些地区可以成功地将海滩的保护和利用结合起来。