A molecular approach to exploring and evaluating novel criteria for fungal taxonomy

由母细胞产生于梗节顶端的裂殖孢子是一种形态学特征。在目前的真菌（包括蘑菇和担子菌酵母）分类中，形成球孢子菌的活性已被用作属级水平的分类标准，但由于对形成球孢子菌和非球孢子菌的许多系统发育研究，该标准受到质疑形成球孢子菌的物种。在这项研究中，一个分子的方法来阐明的球孢子形成已使用球孢子形成酵母Bullera JCM 5281。从JCM 5281出发，通过反复培养，获得了产球孢子活性降低的突变株。从Bullera JCM 5281及其突变体中提取总RNA，通过基因图像试剂盒进行差异显示，JCM 5281的mRNA模式与突变体的mRNA模式不同。然而，参与裂殖孢子体形成的基因是一个 关于我们 突变体在-80 ℃保存后，其活性恢复，因此推测该突变体没有被删除，但其表达全部或部分受到抑制。在形成球孢子的条件（保存在实验室工作台上的培养基）和不形成球孢子的条件（保存在盖紧盖子的塑料容器中的培养基）之间进行抑制消减杂交，分析了195个克隆。为了探索一种新的种间鉴别标准，目前已有的研究资料包括最近重新分类的白隐球酵母复合体和罗伦隐球酵母复合体，以及已报道种内多样性的梨生单胞菌。同工酶模式被认为是有用的区分种间或种内的多样性。少

Ballistoconidium, which is made on the tip of the sterigma from the mother cell and discharged when it matures, is a morphological characteristic. Ballistoconidium-forming activity has been employed as a taxonomic criterion of the generic level in the present taxonomy of fungi including mushrooms and basidiomycetous yeasts, but is questioned as a result of numerous phylogenetic studies of ballistoconidium-forming and non-ballistoconidium-forming species. In this study, a molecular approach to the elucidation of the ballistoconidium formation has been made using a ballistoconidium-forming yeast Bullera oryzae JCM 5281. From JCM 5281,its ballistoconidium-forming activity decreased mutants were obtained by a repetitive cultivation. When total RNAs were obtained from Bullera oryzae JCM 5281 and its mutants, the mRNA patterns of JCM 5281 were different from those of mutants by the differential display using Gene image kit. However, the genes involved in the ballistoconidium-formation were a … More ssumed not to be deleted but all or part of their expression suppressed in this experiment, because the activity of the mutant was recovered after being stored at -80℃.The condition for ballisitoconidium formation was reexamined and the strength of the ballistoconidium-formation was found to be affected by the water content of agar media. Suppression subtraction hybridization between the ballistoconidium-forming condition (media kept on a workbench in the laboratory) and the condition under which ballistoconidium not formed (media kept in a plastic container covered tightly with a lid) was performed, and 195 clones were analyzed. Further study is necessary to discuss the ballistoconidium-forming activity.Concerning the exploration of a novel criterion to discriminate among species, various data so far reported examined the genus Cryptococcus albidus complex and C.laurentii complex that were reclassified recently, and Udeinomyces pyricola, which the intra-species diversity was reported. Isozyme patterns were thought to be useful for differentiating inter or intra-species diversity. Less