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A molecular approach to analyze factors affecting the mode of conidiogenesis and its diversity.

分析影响分生孢子发生模式及其多样性的因素的分子方法。

基本信息

批准号：
17580074
负责人：
TAKASHIMA Masako
金额：
$ 2.56万
依托单位：
The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2005 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17580074/
关键词：
yeast conidium ballistoconidium mitochondria 温度ストレス子嚢胞子

项目摘要

The mode of conidiogenesis has been employed for a taxonomic criterion of higher taxa in the present taxonomy of fungi including mushrooms and basidiomycetous yeasts, however, recent numerous phylogenetic studies showed that some of these do not reflect the phylogeny. Ballistoconidium, which is made on the tip of the sterigma from the mother cell and discharged when it matures, is a one of these. When the ballistoconidium-forming activity was studied between species and among strains belonging to the same species in the genus Dioszegia, mainly D. crocea and related species, it does not necessarily reflect the phylogeny and its strength varied among strains even in the same species, indicating that formation of ballistoconidium is not a stable characteristic. Therefore, this characteristic is not appropriate as a taxonomic criterion of higher taxa, and should not be used when the reconstruction of the systematics of fungi is made.Suppression subtraction hybridization between the ballistoconidium-forming condition (media kept on a workbench in the laboratory) and the condition under which ballistoconidium not formed (media kept in a plastic container covered tightly with a lid) was performed using Bullera oryzae JCM 5281, and the difference was observed in mitochondrial gene. The morphological observation by a fluorescence microscopy showed that the mother cells with sterigma and ballistoconidia demonstrated stronger intensity than those of vegetative cells. In such mother cells and ballistoconidia, mitochondria seemed to exist near the surface of cells and occasionally cohere like particles. Based on these observations, the formation of ballistoconidium is assumed to be related to the quantitative change of mitochondria accompanied with their morphological changes.

在目前的真菌分类学中，分生孢子发生模式一直被用作高级分类单位的分类标准，但近年来的系统发育研究表明，有些分生孢子发生模式并不能反映真菌的分生孢子发生。由母细胞在小梗顶端产生并在其成熟时排出的裂殖孢子就是其中之一。在研究薯蓣属种间及同种菌株间的产球孢子活性时，主要以薯蓣属D。大黄鱼及其近缘种，但不一定反映出孢子发生，即使在同一种中，其强度也因菌株而异，表明球孢子的形成不是一个稳定的特征。因此，这一特征不适合作为高等分类群的分类标准，在重建真菌系统学时，不应使用。球孢子菌形成条件之间的抑制差减杂交（保存在实验室工作台上的培养基）和不形成球孢子的条件（培养基保存在用盖子紧紧盖住的塑料容器中），并且在线粒体基因中观察到差异。荧光显微镜下的形态学观察表明，具有孢子梗和球孢子的母细胞比营养细胞的强度大。在这些母细胞和球孢子中，线粒体似乎存在于细胞表面附近，偶尔像颗粒一样凝聚。根据这些观察，推测球孢子的形成与线粒体的数量变化和形态变化有关。