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Explanation of formation process of symbiotic relationships between insects and fungi in forests

森林昆虫与真菌共生关系形成过程的解释

基本信息

批准号：
15580134
负责人：
FUKUDA Hideshi
金额：
$ 1.98万
依托单位：
Nihon Fukushi University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15580134/
关键词：
Urocerus japonicus symbiotic fungus Amylostereum laevigatum percentage of isolation inoculation season propagation status Cryptomeria japonica discoloration area ニホンキバチ Amylostereum laevigatum C N比 N含有量スギ材内生存期間

项目摘要

Woodwasps are symbiotically associated with Amylostereum fungus spp. Adult females inoculate the fungus during oviposition on sapwood of host trees. Aided by fungal symbiosis, woodwasp larvae can digest sapwood with low nutritional value. Urocerus japonicus, a fungus-carrying woodwasp, oviposits selectively on freshly felled Japanese cedar trees that are presumed to be suitable for propagation of the fungal symbiont. We investigated the potential for growing U. japonicus in old trees by propagating Amylostereum laevigatum in the wood before woodwasp oviposition. Oviposition activity levels were higher on oviposited trees (fungus-inoculated by another woodwasp before oviposition) and on artificially inoculated trees (fungus-inoculated artificially before oviposition) than on control trees. Next-generation adults emerged from artificially inoculated trees but not from previously oviposited and control trees. These results suggest that U japonicus can utilize fungus already propagating in wood. Moreover, we investigated the effect of inoculation season on fungus propagation in the wood. Clear wood discoloration was recognized in summer-inoculated trees but there was almost no discoloration in fall-inoculated trees. In summer-inoculated trees, fungus propagated mainly in discolored areas; in fall-inoculated trees, it propagated widely irrespective of discoloration. These results suggest that fall-inoculated trees would be best for growing these woodwasps.

木蜂与Amylostereum fungus spp共生，成年雌蜂在寄主树的边材上产卵时接种该真菌。在真菌共生的帮助下，木蜂幼虫可以消化营养价值较低的边材。一种携带真菌的木黄蜂，在新伐的杉树上选择性产卵，这些杉树被认为适合真菌共生体的繁殖。研究了在木胡蜂产卵前，通过在木胡蜂产卵前在木中繁殖直链淀粉（Amylostereum laevigatum）在古树中生长日本松的可能性。在产卵前由另一种木蜂接种真菌的树木和在产卵前人工接种真菌的树木上，产卵活性水平高于对照树。新一代成虫来自人工接种的树，而不是来自以前的产卵树和对照树。这些结果表明，日本木参可以利用已经在木材中繁殖的真菌。此外，我们还研究了接种季节对真菌在木材中繁殖的影响。夏季接种的树木有明显的木材变色，而秋季接种的树木几乎没有变色。在夏季接种的树木中，真菌主要在变色区域繁殖；在秋天接种的树木中，无论变色与否，它都能广泛繁殖。这些结果表明，秋天接种的树木最适合生长这些木蜂。